摘要
住房已成为当前城市居民的重要财富,住房分层也已成为社会阶层分化研究的重要议题。本文利用中国综合社会调查(CGSS2003、CGSS2013)数据,从住房阶层地位和住房获得身份两个维度出发,探究住房分层对于城市居民社会公平感的影响,并通过十年数据对比,探究这种影响是否随着住房市场化改革的深入而发生变化。研究表明,住房分层对于城市居民公平感的影响主要体现为住房阶层地位差异而非住房获得身份差异,即城市居民在住房资源分配结果上的分化比住房资源获得机会上的差异更有助于解释其公平感知,从高住房阶层到低住房阶层,社会公平感评价依次降低。从变迁的角度来看,2003年至2013年,住房阶层对社会公平感的影响持续显著,并且十年之间,相比于高住房阶层,低住房阶层认为社会资源分配的结果更不公平了。由此观之,住房资源不仅是影响城市居民财富和地位获得的关键因素,也对民众的社会认知与评价产生日益重要且持续的影响。因此,有必要进一步反思住房市场化改革过程中的问题和政策,既需要在供给上多渠道、多层次发力,满足不同收入群体的住房需求,同时也要进一步引导和规范住房市场,减轻由住房资源分配不当带来的阶层分化对社会公平感产生的负面影响。
Housing has become an important wealth of urban residents,and housing stratification has become an important topic in the study of social stratification.Based on the data of China General Social Survey(CGSS 2003、CGSS 2013),this paper explores the influence of housing stratification on the sense of social equity of urban residents from the two dimensions of housing class status and housing acquisition identity.It further explores whether this impact changes with the deepening of housing market-oriented reform through comparing studies of data during the ten years.Research shows that the impact of housing stratification on the sense of fairness of urban residents is mainly reflected in the difference of housing class status rather than housing acquisition identity.Or in other words,the differentiation of urban residents in the distribution of housing resources is more helpful to explain their fair perception than the difference in the access to housing resources.The evaluation of sense of social justice decreases from the high housing class to the low housing class.From the point of view of change,the impact of housing class differences on the sense of social equity continued to be significant between 2003 and 2013,and over that decade,compared with the high housing class,the low housing class considered the result of social resource allocation being even more unfair.From this point of view,housing resources are not only the key factors affecting the wealth and status of urban residents,but also result in an increasingly important and continuous impact on the social cognition and evaluation of the people.Therefore,it is necessary to further reflect on the problems and policies in the process of housing market-oriented reform,which requires multi-channel and multi-level efforts in supply to meet the housing needs of different income groups.While at the same time,it is necessary to further guide and standardize the housing market and reduce the negative impact of social equity caused by the improper distribution of
作者
李路路
马睿泽
LI Lu-lu;MA Rui-ze(Center for the Study of Sociological Theory and Methods,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872;School of Sociology and Population Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期55-65,共11页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
住房分层
城市居民
社会公平感
财富分配
housing stratification
urban residents
sense of social justice
wealth distribution
