摘要
近年来,城镇全行业尤其是制造业女性就业人员占比出现明显下降,同期中国贸易方式结构及对应生产方式的变化可能是其结构性成因。基于2006-2012年28省市横向差异的短面板数据模型、全国总体1990-2012纵向冲击的时间序列模型和VAR脉冲响应分析发现,控制了人均GDP、贸易开放度、女性人口占比、女性受教育程度、人口中儿童与老人比重等变量后,无论从纵向冲击还是各省横向差异来看,加工贸易占比与女性就业占比均呈显著正相关,且制造业女性就业占比受影响程度显著大于全行业平均,东部省市受影响程度显著大于中西部。政府应重视贸易与产业结构变化对女性就业的挤出并防止就业性别歧视。
There is an obvious declination of the proportion of female employees among all industries especially in manufacturing industry in recent years in China, and the change in China＇s trade pattern structure and corresponding production mode may be the structural reason. Based on short panel model of 28 provinces from 2006 to 2012 and time serial model and VAR impulse response analysis from 1990 to 2012, we find that, after controlling related parameters like personal GDP, trade openness, female ratio in population, female education, the ratio of the old and children in population, there is always a significantly positive correlation between processing trade ratio and female employment ratio in town both from horizontal differences and vertical shocks angles. Female employment ratio is even seriously influenced by trade pattern in manufacturing industry, and eastern provinces are more significantly influenced than middle and western provinces. Government is supposed to notice the crowding-out effect of trade pattern and production shift to female employment and take measures to prevent sex discrimination.
出处
《财贸经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第6期112-123,150,共13页
Finance & Trade Economics
基金
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"跨境贸易人民币结算对我国出口的效应研究"(12YJC790137)
国家社科基金重大项目"国际贸易保护主义发展趋势及我国应对策略研究"(12&ZD097)
关键词
贸易方式
就业性别结构
横向差异
纵向冲击
Trade Pattern, Sex Structure in Employment, Horizontal Differences, Vertical Shocks
