摘要
异迟眼蕈蚊为害植物地下部分,造成韭菜、大葱、百合、蒜等作物的严重减产。研究异迟眼蕈蚊在不同寄主植物间的生长发育及繁殖规律,可为其预测预报及防治提供科学佐证。本研究在(25±1)℃、弱光照射(251.2lx)、相对湿度80%±5%的人工气候箱内,分别选用寄主植物韭菜、大葱、百合、蒜(蒜瓣和蒜茎),组建了异迟眼蕈蚊取食不同寄主植物的生命表,统计出了种群内禀增长率(rm)、净增殖率(R0)、平均世代周期(T)、种群加倍时间(t)和周限增长率(λ)等种群动态参数。结果表明,卵的发育历期在韭菜上最短(3.49d),在蒜瓣上最长(4.91d)。取食韭菜和大葱的幼虫发育历期最短,而取食百合的幼虫发育历期最长。蛹的发育历期在韭菜上最短(2.95d),在百合上最长(4.05d)。寄主植物对异迟眼蕈蚊卵的孵化率和蛹的存活率影响不显著,但显著影响幼虫的存活率。幼虫的存活率在韭菜上最高(76.7%),蒜瓣上最低(30%)。在韭菜、百合、大葱、蒜瓣和蒜茎上的单雌平均产卵量分别为91.98、52.14、85.48、73.91、72.96粒。异迟眼蕈蚊在韭菜上的种群净增殖率(R0)、内禀增长率(rm)和周限增长率(λ)最高,平均世代周期(T)、种群加倍时间(t)最短。异迟眼蕈蚊在韭菜上的适应度和嗜食性最好,繁殖速度最快。
The chive gnat, Bradysia difformis Frey, damages the underground parts, and causes heavy losses to Chinese chive, spring onion, lily, garlic and other crops. Studies on the growth, development and reproductive rhythm of B. difforrnis on different host plants can provide scientific evidences for prediction and prevention of this pest insect. The experiments were conducted in artificial climate chamber at the temperature of （25± 1）℃, dim light （251.2 lx） and RH 80% ±5%, using Chinese chive, spring onion, lily and garlic （garlic bulbs and garlic stems of different developmental periods） as the test plants. Life tables were established and the population dynamics parameters such as the intrinsic rate of increase （rm）, net reproductive rate （R0）, mean generation time （T）, the population doubling time （t） and the finite rate of increase （2） were calculated. The results indicated that the shortest developmental duration of eggs was on Chinese chives （3.49 d） and the longest on garlic bulbs （4.91 d）. When B. difformis were fed on Chinese chives and spring onions, the larval duration was the shortest, but when fed on lilies, the longest. The shortest pupal duration was on Chinese chives （2.95 d）, while the longest on lilies （4.05 d）. The effects of host plants on egg hatching rate and pupal survival rate of B. difformis were not significant, but host plants significantly affected the larval survival rate. The highest larval survival rate was on Chinese chives （76.7%）, and the lowest on garlic bulbs （30%）. The average egg number per female on Chinesechives, spring onions, lilies and garlic bulbs and stems were 91.98, 52.14, 85.48, 73.91 and 72.96, respectively. The net population growth rate （R0）, the intrinsic rate of increase （rm） and finite rate of increase （2） were the highest on Chinese chives, and the mean generation time on Chinese chives. B. difformis had the best adaptability （T） and population doubling time （t） were the shortest to an
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期28-32,共5页
Plant Protection
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303027)
关键词
异迟眼蕈蚊
寄主植物
实验种群
生命表
种群动态参数
Bradysia difformis
host plant
experimental population
life table
parameter of population dynamics
