摘要
对扎兰屯林区3种典型（天然兴安落叶松、天然白桦、人工兴安落叶松）林分不同郁闭度等级林下枯落物及土壤水文特性进行了研究。结果表明：1）森林枯落物储量为24.81-82.32t/hm2,天然林枯落物的储量明显高于人工林。天然白桦林枯落物持水量最大（270.25t/hm2）,人工落叶松纯林最小（88.25t/hm2）。枯落物对水分的有效拦蓄量为天然落叶松林（122.36t/hm2）〉天然白桦林（94.49t/hm2）〉人工落叶松林（67.99t/hm2）。2）土壤最大持水量为2958.51-3723.39t/hm2,其总孔隙度、最大持水量均表现为天然落叶松林〉天然白桦林〉人工落叶松林。土壤有效持水量天然白桦林（1033.23t/hm2）〉天然落叶松林（946.37t/hm2）〉人工落叶松林（833.34t/hm2）。3）天然落叶松林和人工落叶松林当郁闭度处于85%以上,天然白桦林郁闭度处于55%以下时,其枯落物量和最大持水量最大;天然落叶松林在郁闭度65.2-67%,天然白桦林郁闭度40.07-54.52%,人工落叶松林郁闭度85.66-100%时,枯落物对水分有效拦蓄量最大。4）天然落叶松林郁闭度73.49-96%,天然白桦林郁闭度为56.07-65.37%,人工落叶松林郁闭度为46.72-67.29%时,其土壤有效持水量最大。
Three kinds of typical different density level forest（ Xingan natural larch,natural birch,artificial xingan Larch） of water conservation function were studied by the analysis of different forest types of forest litter and soil hydrological properties. The results show that forest litter accumulation is 24. 81 - 82. 32t/hm2,natural forest litter reserves are significantly higher than artificial forest. Natural Betula platyphylla forest litter water-holding capacity is the largest（ 270. 25t/hm2）,artificial pure larch forest is the minimum（ 88. 25t/hm2）. Litter effective retaining content on water shows natural deciduous forest（ 122. 36t/hm2） natural birch forests（ 94.49t/hm2） artificial larch forests（ 67. 99 t/hm2）. The maximum capacity of soil moisture is 2958. 51 -3723. 39t/hm2. Total porosity and maximum water holding capacity show natural forest natural forest birch larch plantation. Effective soil water holding capacity shows natural birch forests（ 1033. 23t/hm2） natural deciduous forest（ 946. 37t/hm2） artificial larch forests（ 833. 34 t/hm2）. When the natural forest and artificial larch forest canopy density are above 85%,or the natural Betula platyphylla forest canopy density is below 55%,the litter amount and the maximum water holding capacities are the largest. When natural larch forest canopy density is 65. 2 - 67%,natural Betula platyphylla forest canopy density is 40. 07 - 54. 52%,artificial larch forest canopy density is 85. 66 - 100%,Litter on water interception amounts are the largest. When the natural larch forest canopy density is 73. 49 - 96%,the natural Betula platyphylla forest canopy density is 56. 07 -65. 37%,or the artificial larch forest canopy density is 46. 72 - 67. 29%,effective soil water holding capacities are the largest.
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期91-96,共6页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
环保公益性行业科研专项(201109025-02)资助
