摘要
以喀斯特地区黄壤针叶林和石灰土针叶林为研究对象,结合野外调查和室内分析的方法,对其枯落物层的水文效应进行定量对比研究。结果表明:(1)枯落物总蓄积量表现为黄壤针叶林(52.14 t·hm^(-2))>石灰土针叶林(32.98 t·hm^(-2));(2)枯落物的持水量与时间呈显著对数关系,R^2>0.94,吸水速率与时间呈幂函数关系,R^2>0.91。半分解层枯落物在浸泡4 h时已经达到饱和,而未分解层需浸泡9 h。枯落物在浸水20 min内吸水速率大幅下降,在20 min—4.5 h下降幅度减缓,到9 h时吸水速率基本稳定;(3)黄壤针叶林半分解层枯落物的最大持水量最大,为86.59 t·hm^(-2),石灰土针叶林未分解层最小,为8.39 t·hm^(-2)。最大持水率的均值表现为黄壤针叶林(194.11%)>石灰土针叶林(152.68%);(4)枯落物最大拦蓄量表现为7.14—64.37 t·hm^(-2),有效拦蓄量变化范围为5.81—51.06 t·hm^(-2),黄壤针叶林各层枯落物最大拦蓄量和有效拦蓄量均大于石灰土针叶林。综合对比分析发现,黄壤针叶林枯落物层的持水性能比石灰土针叶林好,能更好地涵养水源和保持水土。
Taking coniferous forests which grow on yellow soil and limestone soil as research objects, combining field test and laboratory analysis, a quantitative study of hydrological effects of litter layer was carried out. The results showed that（1） the total storage amount of litter on yellow soil（52.14 t·hm^（-2）） was more than that of litter on limestone soil（32.98 t·hm^（-2）） in coniferous forest.（2） Water-holding capacity of litter layer had a significant logarithmic relationship with immersion time（Q=alnt ＋b） and the R^2 was more than 0.94. Water absorption rate showed a power function relationship with immersion time（V=ktn） and the R^2 was more than 0.91. The water capacity of semi-decomposed litter layer reached saturation after 4 h immersion while it needed 9 h for non-decomposed litter layer. The water absorption rate of litter was substantially declined within 20 minutes, which slowed down from 20 min to 4.5 h and finally reached a steady state after 9 h.（3） The water-holding amount of semi-decomposed litter layer in coniferous forest growing on yellow soil was 86.59 t·hm^（-2）, while the water-holding capacity of non-decomposed litter layer in coniferous forest growing on limestone soil was only 8.39 t·hm^（-2）. The average of maximal water-holding rate of litter layer in coniferous forest growing on yellow soil（194.11%） was greater than that of litter layer in coniferous forest growing on limestone soil（152.68%）.（4）The maximum interception ranged from 7.14 t·hm^（-2） to 64.37 t·hm^（-2）, and the effective interception varied from 5.81 t·hm^（-2） to 51.06 t·hm^（-2）. And, these two indexes of coniferous forest growing on yellow soil were both greater than those of coniferous forest growing on limestone soil. After comprehensive comparing and analysis, it was found that the water-holding capacity of litter layer in coniferous forest growing on yellow soil was better than that of litter layer in coniferous forest growing on limestone soi
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2017年第4期120-127,共8页
Ecological Science
基金
贵州省科学技术基金(黔科合J字[2015]2118号)
贵州省科技合作计划(黔科合LH字[2015]7776号)
贵州师范大学博士科研启动金
关键词
喀斯特
针叶林
枯落物
水文效应
Karst
Coniferous forest
Litter layer
Hydrological Effects
