摘要
为了有效地预防机场鸟击事故,采用定点观测法对河北北部机场鸟类群落与活动规律进行了调查,结果表明:机场场区共记录鸟类23种,隶属于9目15科,其中夏候鸟10种(43.47%),留鸟7种(30.43%),旅鸟4种(17.39%),冬候鸟2种(8.69%);雀形目鸟类最多,有7科11种,分别占鸟类总科数和总种数的46.67%和47.83%;夏候鸟、留鸟以及雀形目鸟类是构成机场场区鸟类群落的主体。场区内不同鸟种的数量和活动频率存在显著差异(P<0.05),麻雀数量和活动频率最高,其次为喜鹊、小嘴乌鸦、家鸽、雉鸡和家燕。各区域鸟类数量和活动频率存在显著差异(P<0.05),D区是机场场区全年鸟类的最活跃区域。不同月份场区鸟类的物种数、数量和活动频率存在显著差异(P<0.05),7月鸟类物种数量最高,10月鸟类数量和活动频率最高。根据机场场区鸟类和生态环境特点,提出了鸟类防治对策。
Investigations were conducted on bird communities and activity routines surrounding the airports of Hebei by fixed-point observations in order to effectively prevent bird strike acci- dents. The result showed that 23 species of birds were recorded which belong to 15 families and 9 orders. Among these birds, There were 10 species （43.47%） of summer migrants, 7 species （30.43%） of residents, 4 species （17.39%） of travelers and 2 species （8.69%） of winter mi- grants. The Passeriformes birds were the most including 11 species and 7 families which ac- counted for 46.67~ and 47.83% of total families and total species respectively. The summer migratory birds, resident birds and Passeriformes birds constitute the main parts of the bird communities at the Tangshan Airport region. The number and activity frequency of the differ- ent species of birds in different regions of the airport showed significant differences （P〈0.05）, among which index of Passer montanus was the highest, followed by Pica pica, Carrion crow, Columba sp. , Phasianus colchicus, Hirundo rustica. Besides, the activities of the birds in D area were most frequent of all the birds which appeared at the airport all the yearround. In addition, the quantity, number of species and activity frequency of the birds in different months of the region also showed significant differences （P〈0.05）. The result showed the number of species of the birds appeared in July was the highest and the quantity and activity frequency of the birds appeared in October were the highest. Effective preventive measures were proposed in this paper for the airport to take so as to get rid of bird strike disasters based on the distribu- tion of birds and the characteristics of ecological environment surrounding the airport.
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期92-97,共6页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
机场鸟情动态与鸟撞综合防治研究项目(11-13)
河北省自然科学基金(C2012204087)资助
关键词
鸟类
群落
活动规律
机场
birds
composition
activity routines
airport
