摘要
鸟撞灾害是威胁航空安全的重要因素之一,其主要原因在于机场生境为鸟类提供了食物、水和庇护场所等多种适宜的生存条件。本文以样方法为主要调查方法,对昆明巫家坝机场的植物群落类型、高度、盖度等进行详细调查,并以植物在群落中的地位、植株高度、为鸟类提供食物的能力等3个方面对植物的鸟类适宜指数进行评估。结果显示机场内现有11种草本植物群落、1种灌木植物群落共12种群落类型;含有植物60种,隶属于20科55属,其中对鸟类有强烈吸引作用的植物有13种。根据机场及其附近区域的生境特点,应严格控制对鸟类有吸引作用种类的种群数量和分布范围,并对此进行了讨论,提出了一系列的鸟类防控综合措施,以达到降低机场对鸟类吸引力的目的。
Bird Strike is one of the most important factors to threat the aviation safety,the main reason is that the airport habitat provides many suitable living conditions for birds,such as food,water and shelter.In this paper,the types,height and coverage of plant communities were surveyed by sampling method.Then,the plants＇ fitting index of birds was assessed by three aspects,as the dominance of plants in community,plant height and the ability to provide food for birds.The research showed that there are 11 types of herbaceous plant communities and 1 shrubs plant community existing in Kunming International Airport,which include 60 species,belonging to 55 genera,20 families.The assessment results showed that 13 species have highest attraction for birds,that is 21.7% of the whole plant species and most of them are dominance or sub-dominance species of the communities,other 30 species have higher attraction and 18 species have low attraction for birds.According to the habitat characteristics of the airport and the surrounding region,the number of populations and distribution area of these plant species should be strictly controlled for preventing bird strike.For minimizing the attraction of airport to birds,we proposed a series of comprehensive measures to prevent and control birds in the airport.
出处
《中国安全生产科学技术》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第8期135-140,共6页
Journal of Safety Science and Technology
基金
云南省基础研究重点项目(编号:2009CC003)
关键词
鸟撞
机场
植物群落
鸟类
适宜指数
bird strike
airport
plant community
bird
fitting index
