摘要
为评估松褐天牛肿腿蜂Sclerodermus sp.(膜翅目:肿腿蜂科)对其寄主松褐天牛Monochamus alternatus3龄幼虫的控制作用,通过功能反应试验,研究了松褐天牛肿腿蜂对松褐天牛3龄幼虫补充营养时期的捕食功能反应和补充营养后的寄生功能反应以及肿腿蜂的密度效应。结果表明:当松褐天牛肿腿蜂密度固定为1头/缸时,肿腿蜂因补充营养对松褐天牛3龄幼虫的捕食功能反应符合HollingⅡ型方程,1头松褐天牛肿腿蜂雌蜂对松褐天牛3龄幼虫的最大致死量为9.48头,平均为3.75头;寄生作用的功能反应符合HollingⅠ型方程,可知肿腿蜂的寄主密度阈限为4头就能满足补充营养和寄生的需要;在捕食和寄生两个阶段其对松褐天牛幼虫的寻找效应随着寄主密度的增加呈线性减弱。当松褐天牛幼虫密度固定为30头/缸时,随着肿腿蜂的密度增加,其补充营养阶段的捕食作用和之后的寄生作用均呈线性升高,寻找效应则呈线性减弱;由蜂虫比和致死总量的模型可得肿腿蜂与天牛幼虫比例为0.9805(近1:1)时,可使松褐天牛幼虫死亡总数最大。这些结果表明,松褐天牛肿腿蜂是松褐天牛幼虫期的有效天敌。本研究为评价松褐天牛肿腿蜂对寄主的控制能力提供了基础数据和方法,并为其在野外的释放量提供了依据。
In order to evaluate the control effects of Sclerodermus sp.（Hymenoptera：Bethylidae） on the 3rd instar larvae of Monochamus alternatus（Coleoptera：Cerambycidae）,a method of functional response was used to test the effects of preying on hosts and parasitization,and the density effect of Sclerodermus sp.was also studied.The results showed that when the density of the bethylid wasps was 1 per cylinder,the functional response of Sclerodermus sp.preying on the 3rd instar larvae of M.alternatus could be described by Holling Ⅱ model.The maximum quantity of hosts killed by preying on hosts by one bethylid wasp was 9.48,and the average value was 3.75.The functional response of parasitization fitted Holling Ⅰ model,in which the threshold limit of the number of hosts is 4.The searching effects of preying on hosts and parasitization attenuated linearly with the increase of host density.When the density of M.alternatus larvae was 30 per cylinder,with the density of wasps increasing,the functional response of parasitization and preying on hosts increased linearly while the searching effect attenuated.A model between ratio of bethylids to beetle larvae and total lethality showed that when the ratio of the bethylids to larvae was 0.9805（approximately 1：1）,the mortality of M.alternatus larvae was the maximal.The results suggest that Sclerodermus sp.is an effective natural enemy to M.alternatus larvae.This study provides essential data and methods for evaluating control ability of Sclerodermus sp.on M.alternatus,and also supplies theoretical basis for its release amount in the field.
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第4期426-434,共9页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
国家林业公益性行业科研专项经费(200904025)
九华山松材线虫病生物控制技术推广示范项目(2009TK059)
关键词
松褐天牛肿腿蜂
松褐天牛
捕食
寄生
功能反应
寻找效应
密度效应
Sclerodermus sp.
Monochamus alternatus
preying
parasitization
functional response
searching effect
density effect
