摘要
目的了解青年学生艾滋病相关知识知晓和行为特征以及艾滋病、梅毒、丙肝感染状况。方法依据全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案,在监测期内,在长沙市和衡阳市监测点,对在读学生进行问卷调查,并采集血液标本做HIV、HCV和梅毒等血清学检测。每个监测点监测样本量为800人。结果长沙市和衡阳市监测点分别调查809人和800人。调查对象艾滋病基本知识知晓率分别为85.29%和93.75%,不同性别、不同年级的艾滋病基本知识知晓率差异无统计学意义;有过性经历的比例分别为12.36%和1.38%,其中男性有性经历的比例比女性高;最近一年发生过商业性行为的比例分别为0.62%和0%;最近一年性行为时每次都使用安全套的比例分别为25.86%和18.18%;最近一年接受过预防艾滋病宣传服务的比例分别为59.46%和77.63%。除长沙市HCV抗体检出率为0.25%,两个监测点HIV抗体和梅毒抗体检出率均为0%。结论大学生已掌握了一些艾滋病相关知识,但缺乏自我保健和防范艾滋病的意识和技能,部分学生有不安全的性行为,存在感染HIV的风险。进一步加强健康教育和行为干预仍然是预防控制艾滋病在该类人群中传播的主要有效手段。
Objective To understand the awareness rate of HIV - related knowledge, behavioral characteristics, and the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis C among young students. Methods According to China＇ s national HIV sentinel surveillance protocol, 800 students from Hengyang and 809 from Changsha were surveyed with questionnaires. Their blood samplus were taken for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis C antibody tests. Results The awareness rates of HIV- related knowledge in the students from Changsha and Hengyang were 85.29 % and 93.75 %, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found in the awareness rate of HIV- related knowledge in terms of gender and grades. The proportions of the students reported having had sex behaviors were 12.36 % and 1.38 %, respectively, among them, boys had more sexual experience than girls. The proportions of the students reported having had commercial sex behaviors in the last year were 0.62 % and 0 %, respectively. The proportions of the students reported using condoms during every act of sexual intercourse in the past year were 25.86 % and 18.18%, respectively. The proportions of the students reported receiving prevention publicity services were 59.46% and 77.63%, respectivdy. Test results showed 0.25% of the samples from Changsha were HCV antibody positive, no positive report of HIV and syphilis antibody was found in both sentinel sites. Conclusions The young students of the two cities have some understanding of HIV knowledge, but the consciousness and skills for adopting safer behaviors are still not enough. Some students engage in unprotected sexual behavior, and the risk of HIV- infection still exists. Further enhancing health promotion and behavior interventions is still the main effective method to protect young students against HIV/AIDS.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2012年第2期290-293,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
艾滋病
哨点监测
青年学生
HIV
Sentinel surveillance
Young students
