摘要
《论语》疑问句的研究,主要存在如何准确辨别《论语》中的疑问句以及正确分析疑问句句法结构的问题。在《论语》中,"乎""与(欤)"等语助词在一定程度上有助于疑问句的辨识,但在不同语境中却可标志感叹句、反问句、测度问句等句式,故同时也要考虑表揣测语气的"其"、表反问语气的"岂"等语气副词的作用,才能准确辨别疑问句,从而正确理解句意。疑问代词"何"具有作宾语、状语、定语等多种语法功能,以"何"的句法地位分析为例来剖析疑问句的深层结构,这是辨别疑问句的一个方法,同时也能更准确地理解语意。
According to the mistakes and shortcomings in the previous researches on interrogative sentences in the Analects of Confucius, we take into consideration of these problems： how to correctly distinguish between interroga- tive sentences, and how to analyze parts of speech at the syntactic level. In the Analects of Confucius, mostly dia- logues between Confucius and his disciples, mood auxiliaries such as ＂乎＂ and ＂与＂ mark different kinds of sen- tences like exclamatory sentences, rhetorical sentences and imperative sentences, and mood adverbs like ＂其＂ and ＂岂＂ also play important roles in making a certain kind of mood. We take the interrogative pronoun ＂何＂ as a point case to show how to anatomize the syntactic structure of interrogative sentences. We also make it clear whether the character ＂何＂ is an object, an adverbial modifier or an attribute in different interrogative sentences. Only in this way can we understand the sentences better.
出处
《常熟理工学院学报》
2010年第1期85-90,共6页
Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology
关键词
《论语》
疑问句
语助词
“何”
句法分析
the Analects of Confucius
interrogative sentence
mood auxiliary
＂he 何＂
syntactic analysis
