摘要
取胃肠癌手术标本159例,其中胃癌20例,结肠癌71例,直肠癌68例。男性94例、女性65例。用LSAB免疫组化法检测P_(53)、rasP_(21)蛋白在159例癌组织及89例移行区粘膜中的表达。结果表明:肿瘤区P_(53)、P_(21)的表达分别为55.35％(88/159)、70.44％(112/159)。移行区分别为25.84％(23/89)、60.67％(54/89)。P_(53)表达在肿瘤区明显高于移行区(P<0.01)。有淋巴结转移组P_(53)表达率为94.12％(32/34);无淋巴结转移组为44.80％(56/125),两者间差异非常显著((P<0.01)。除4例直肠癌外,随肿瘤浸润深度增加,P_(53)阳性表达显著增加,P_(53)与P_(21)共同表达率为40.25％(64/159),明显高于P53单独表达15.09％(24/159),(P<0.01)。P_(21)在移行区有高度表达,其单独表达率为30.19％(48/159),与P_(53)共同表达率差异无显著性。P_(53)蛋白表达在女性患者为66.15％(43/65),男性为47.87％(45/94),女性明显高于男性,(P<0.05),而P_(21)表达差异无显著性。两种基因的表达与肿瘤发生部位、病理类型、组织学分化关系不显著。结果提示:胃肠癌的发生与P_(53)和ras基因突变有关。P_(53)突变大多与其它基因突变共存,并且主要发生于肿瘤的进展和转移间;ras基因突变发生于恶性转化前。因此进行ras基因、P_(53)基因突变的检测对于临床早期?
159 of gastrointestinal cancer tissues and 76 translated regional mucosa were examined for the expression of p53 and rasp21 with LSAB immunohitochemical method. The results showed that the expression rates of p53 and p21 in the tumor region and the translated regionl mucosa were 55. 35% (88/159); 70. 44% (112/159) and 25.84% (23/89) ; 60. 67% (54/89), respectively . In the tumor region the positive rate of p53 was significantly higher than the translated regional mucosa ( P < 0. 01). Of cases with local lymph node metastasis the positive rate of p53 was 94.12% (32/34), but without lymph node metastasis was 44. 80% (56/125) . There were a striking differences between the two groups (P<0.01). And the deeper the invasion, the higher the positive rate of the P 53 except four rectal cancers . The co - expression rate of p53 and p21 was 40.25% (64/159), while single expression rate of p53 was 15. 0996(24/159). A significant difference was seen between the two groups . For p21 protein, higher expression was seen in the translated regional mucosa . The single expression rate of p21 was 30.1 % ( 48/159) and shouted little variation than the co - expression rate of p53 and p21. P53 - expression - rate was 66. 1596 (43/65) in women and 47.8% (45/94) in men . The former was significantly higher than the latter- Whereas the expression of p2lthere was little difference in sex. The expression of both oncoproteins showed little relationship to the position of tumor, pathologic type, histological differentiate and patient' s age . The results indicated that the development of gastrointestinal cancers were in close contact with oncogene mutation of p53, p21 and their product s effect . The occurrence of mutation of p53 was mainly in the progress and the metastasis of tumor; Occurring a mutation of p21 was before malignant change. So testing mutation of P53, p21 may be of special importance to early recognize the occurrence of malignant tumor and judge prognosis .
