摘要
[目的]描述与分析黔南地区2000～2007年肠道传染病流行特征和变化趋势,为制定预防与控制策略提供科学依据。[方法]收集全州2000～2007年疫情资料和专题调查报告,采用流行病学方法进行分析。[结果]2000～2007年8年间,黔南地区共报告发生4组7种肠道传染病42018例,年平均发病率138.82/10万。流行走势变化不一,曲线起伏差异较大,显示不同年份各组肠道传染病流行强度不尽相同。50起具有一定规模的流行中,由污染食物作为传播载体的食源性传播23起,污染水体作为传播载体的水源性传播15起,两者重叠并加上日常生活接触的混合性传播12起,3种传播方式所占发生起数的构成依次为食源性50.69%、水源性30.00%、混合性19.31%。[结论]黔南地区肠道传染病的流行态势为:①发病率高,波及范围广,以散发为主。②暴发流行易于实现,每一起流行的罹患对象在数十至数百不等。③病毒性肝炎的发病呈递增趋势,且好发于半封闭状态的学校。④外来传入的霍乱容易形成暴发。
[Objective] To describe and analyze the prevalence characters and change trends of intestinal infectious diseases from 2000 to 2007 in Qiannan district, and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control. [Methods] Epidemic diseases materials and special investigation reports of Qiannan area from 2000 to 2007 were collected and analyzed by epidemiological and statistic methods. [ Results] 42018 cases of seven kinds of intestinal infectious diseases in four groups had been reported during 8 ）,ears in Qiannan district, and the annual average incidence was 138.82/105. Different diseases had different prevalence trends, dissimilar curves showed diverse prevalence intensity of intestinal infectious diseases in these groups and in different years. 50 prevalence cases of certain scale included 23 food-born cases, 15 water-born cases and 12 mixed cases overlapped food and water polluted as well as daily contact. [Conclusion] Four features existed in the prevalence trends of intestinal infectious diseases in Qiannan district： firstly, high incidence, large scale and sporadic occurrence were the main characters of the common diseases and frequently occurring illness. Secondly, epidemic outbreak was easy to happen, patients of every prevalence differed from decades to hundreds. Thirdly, the occurrence of viral hepatitis increased gradually, and often happened in the senti-close school. Fourthly, cholera from outside was easy to form outbreak, which is a severe problem for a district where work force export accounts for 15 percent of the population in Qiannan annually.
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第16期3171-3173,共3页
Modern Preventive Medicine
关键词
肠道传染病
流行态势
描述与分析
Intestinal infectious diseases
Prevalence situation
Describe and analyze
