摘要
目的:了解我国青少年恐惧的内容和结构特点。方法:采用修订过的儿童恐惧调查表-Ⅱ(FSSCⅡ-)对1126名青少年施测。结果:(1)青少年恐惧的内容结构包括危险和伤害、失败和惩罚、社会关系、动物、未知和不确定性事物五个维度(χ2/df=1.823,RESEA=0.047,NFI=0.940,IFI=0.972,CFI=0.972)。(2)青少年最恐惧的前10位事件依次是服用有害的毒品(71.4%)、家人出了意外事故(66.3%)、家人去世(59.9%)、不能呼吸(57.7%)、核战争(54.6%)、自己的国家被侵略(53.6%)、被绑架(53.4%)、艾滋病(53.1%)、父母分居或离婚(52%)、没有朋友(47.1%)。(3)总体恐惧水平及对危险与伤害、对未知与不确定的恐惧以及对失败、惩罚和错误的恐惧均表现为年级越低,恐惧越甚(如总体恐惧得分从小学到高中依次为55.0±10.3、53.8±10.3、50.9±10.3,F=17.16,P<0.001),只有在动物恐惧和社会关系恐惧水平上年级差异不显著。(4)小学、初中青少年的恐惧事件数目多于高中(23.8±12.9、20.7±12.1/18.1±11.3,F=30.20,P<0.001);女生的总体恐惧数目(23.7±12.7/17.5±11.0,F=79.48,P<0.001)和恐惧水平(139.6±22.1/126.8±21.7,t=9.8,P<0.001)、各维度的恐惧水平(如,对危险与伤害的恐惧55.6±9.8/50.5±10.5,F=75.24,P<0.001)均高于男生。结论:(1)当代青少年恐惧的内容主要是危险和伤害、失败和惩罚、社会关系、动物、未知和不确定事物;(2)随着年龄的增长,青少年的总体恐惧水平和数目,危险与伤害的恐惧水平,未知和不确定事物的恐惧水平,对失败、惩罚和错误的恐惧水平逐渐下降;(3)女生的总体恐惧水平、各维度的恐惧水平显著高于男生。
Objective：To study the features of adolescents＇ fear in China.Methods：In the cross-sectional study,we used revised Fear Survey Schedule For Children-II（FSSC-II） to examine 1126 adolescents ranged from grade four of primary school to grade three of senior middle school.Results：（1） Adolescents＇ Fear involved five dimensions： danger and injury,uncertainty and mystery,failure and punishment,animals and social relationship（χ^2/df=1.823,RESEA=0.047,NFI=0.940,IFI=0.972,CFI=0.972）;（2） The 10 most feared events in adolescents were ranked： taking dangerous drugs（71.4%）,someone in my family having an accident（66.3%）,death of someone in my family（59.9%）,not being able to breathe（57.7%）,nuclear war（54.6%）,our country being invaded（53.6%）,being kidnapped（53.4%）,AIDS（53.1%）,my parents separated or divorced（52%）,having no friends（47.1%）;（3）Subjects showed significant difference in the level of general fear（P〈0.001）,fear of danger and damage（P〈0.001）,fear of uncertainty and mystery（P〈0.01）,fear of failure and punishment（P〈0.01,and showed no significant difference in animal fear and social relation fear（P〉0.05）between different age-groups,with higher level of fear in lower grades;（4） Significant difference was found in the amount of fear items between different age-groups（23.8±12.9,20.7±12.1,18.1±11.3;P〈0.001）;Significant difference was found in the amount of fear items between girls and boys（23.7±12.7/17.5±11.0,F=79.48,P〈0.001）） and so as in the level of general fear（139.6±22.1/126.8±21.7,t=9.8,P〈0.001） and each dimension.Conclusion：（1）Adolescent＇s fear related with danger and injure,uncertainty and mystery,failure and punishment,animals and social relationship;（2）The general fear,fear of danger and damage,fear of uncertainty and mystery,fear of failure and punishment of school-aged children decreased gradually as they grew up;（3） The level of general fear and each dimension of fear
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第6期413-418,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
基金
北京市教委重大科技攻关项目(KZ200310028)
中国地质大学(北京)科学技术基金资助(200714)
关键词
恐惧
青少年
横断面研究
fear
adolescents
cross-sectional study
