摘要
1989年之后，包括波兰、匈牙利和斯洛伐克在内的中东欧的许多国家在社会、政治、经济领域发生了重大变革。在这个特定的社会经济转型时期，为了了解这些国家的农户如何适应市场经济，在2001年一个由华沙农业大学、斯洛伐克农业大学、匈牙利农业大学以及美国康奈尔大学社会学系所组成的课题组对波兰、匈牙利、斯洛伐克3个国家的11个地区的农户进行了社会调查。数据的收集是以调查问卷的形式进行的，最后共有2933个农户被调查。调查结果输入SPSS软件应用程序之中，建立数据库，并利用模糊聚类法等统计方法，对这些农户的收入、人口统计学方面的变化、经济活动、劳动力资源，以及农户对转型的态度等多项指标进行了分析，从而来了解农户在经济转型时期是如何生存的，并对农户的生活水平以及变化进行了评估，最后根据存在的主要问题，提出了政府职能部门可能采纳的相应的农业宏观发展战略、农业经济政策等。
In order to understand how families are making a living and to assess rural household living conditions and changes during the period of rapid change of economic transformation, a survey of rural households was conducted in 11 districts of Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary in 2001. The investigation of households was conducted using common methods for these 3 countries in a joint research project by Warsaw Agricultural University, the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Saint Stephens Agricultural University in Godollo and the Sociology Department of Cornell University （USA）. Material for the research was collected from questionnaires. After verification, the data was coded and added to a data bank using SPSS. Finally, 2 933 rural households were surveyed and the data analyzed by fuzzy cluster, comparative and structural analyses ete. This paper presents findings of the survey, the change of rural household living standards during the soeio-economic transformation and the attitudes of rural households towards the transformation. By analyzing how rural households to adapt to new economic conditions, some proper economic and social policies are suggested.
出处
《中国农业经济评论》
2005年第4期469-480,共12页
China Agricultural Economic Review
关键词
农户
市场经济
社会经济改革
中东欧
Rural household, adaptation to market economic system, socioeconomic transformation, Central and Eastern Europe
