摘要
美国的大学自治制度在一种复杂的结构中体现出来:“法人-董事会制度”是其基本结构,联邦教育分权体制和多权力中心的政治结构是其运行的政治基础,多元社会参与和市场机制为其提供运行的经济基础和动力,高等教育行业自律与行业自治的自我完善、内部分权与教师的参与巩固了其内在根据。透过美国大学自治制度的历史独特性,我们可以看到其大学自治制度中存在的若干主题:环境塑造与自我选择、相对独立于政府与服务于国家、多元影响与自我控制、外行管理与学术自主。
Through studying the historical changes of American university autonomy system from the colonial period to the end of the Second World War, this thesis does not regard it as a simple one. What are embodied in this complex institutional structure is that, the'corporation-board of trusteeship institution'was a core part, that the federal decentralization system and the political system of multi-power center were the political foundation of it; that the plural social participation and the market mechanism provided it with economic foundation and motivation; that the self-discipline and self-governance in higher educational trades are the manner to perfect itself; and that the inner division of right and faculties involved strengthened its inner foundation. Recognized the historical uniqueness of American university autonomy system, the paper expounds existing subjects in university autonomy, such as shaping and self-selecting environment, being independent from government, and serving the nation etc.
出处
《学术研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第1期114-118,共5页
Academic Research
