摘要
语用学把为理解说话人的含意而进行的推导称为语用推理。含意推导运用的是合情推理。合情推理是非单调逻辑中一种常用的以常识为基础的推理形式,在多种可能之因当中选定一个最为“合情”的作为结论。含意推导的合情推理有别于经典逻辑的演绎推理,但又同经典逻辑的演绎推理有密切关系,并可以在很大程度上参照形式逻辑的推理规则来建构部分含意、合情推理的推导规则。
In pragmatics the inferring of speakers implicature is defined as pragmatic inference. The inferring of speakers implicature is conducted through the process of plausible reasoning. Plausible reasoning, belonging to the category of non-monotonic logic, is a sort of frequently-used reasoning on the basis of common knowledge. Its procedure shows abductive characteristics, working out the most ‘plausible’ conclusion among the alternatives. The plausible reasoning for the inference of implicature is different from deductive inference of classic formal logic. Nevertheless it also has a kind of kinship with deductive inference, and the plausible inferential rules of implicature might be conceived to some extent on the basis of deductive rules.
出处
《外语教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第3期163-169,240,共8页
Foreign Language Teaching and Research
