摘要
在一个呼唤原始创新的当下,如何理解科学独创?科学独创可认为是一种社会与文化现象,而并非完全是独立的个体行为。人的创造潜质源于个人禀赋包括智力与人格品质,但潜质的挖掘与发挥程度取决于环境,特别是环境的开放度与容忍度。相对而言,科学家人群较一般人群在思维风格与人格特征上具有一定的差异性,科学领域高创造力群体的人格特征表现出更为突出的特异性。我国当前学术界与大学中的众多现象表明,科学独创的活跃度与重大原创研究成果的不足,需要我们从学术制度乃至整个社会文化环境方面予以反思。
How to understand scientific creativity at an age which we call for original innovation?This paper argues that scientific creativity is a social and cultural phenomenon,rather than a completely independent individual behavior.Human’s creative potential originates from personal endowments,including intelligence and personality attributes;but the degree of potential exploration and development depends on the environment,especially its openness and tolerance.Relatively,scientists have certain differences in thinking style and personality characteristics,compared with the average population;however,the personality characteristics of highly creative group in the scientific field show more prominent specificity.Many phenomena in China’s academia and universities reveal that the lack of vitality of scientific creativity and original research achievement,which requires us to reflect on the academic system and even the entire social and cultural environment.
作者
阎光才
YAN Guang-cai(Institute of Higher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《高等教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第7期1-13,共13页
Journal of Higher Education
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174063)
关键词
科学独创
杰出科学家
智力
人格
环境
scientific creativity
eminent scientist
intelligence
personality
environment
