摘要
克孜尔石窟天相图的典型构图为:在券顶两侧山峦图案之间留出一道空隙代表天空,天空背景中绘日、月、金翅鸟、飞行立像等元素。传统天相图的核心要素是金翅鸟和飞行的圣者,依据核心元素的变化可将其分为数个类型。结合前人的分期理论,本文对克孜尔石窟天相图的历史演变做了梳理。飞行佛陀取代罗汉、辟支佛成为天空主角,应为克孜尔石窟主室券顶天相图的重要转变。天相图整体上可视为山林禅修场景的一部分。古龟兹人在券顶表现山崖之间的天空,很可能是对山谷间禅修环境的模拟。
The typical form of celestial scenes of Kizil Grottoes is sky image depicting on the median ridge of diamond shaped mountains which are painted in vault ceiling.In the sky background,people painted the sun,the moon,Garuda,flying saint and so on.The core elements of traditional celestial scenes is Garuda and flying saint,by which we can classify them into several subgroups.Based on the classification of images and the previous theories of periodization,this paper divides the evolution process of celestial scenes of Kizil Grottoes into four stages.Possibly,the flying Buddha becoming the main role in the sky,replacing the Pratyekabuddha and Arhat,is an important transformaiton of the celestial scenes at Kizil.
出处
《西北民族论丛》
2023年第1期42-52,287,共12页
Northwest Ethnology Series
基金
2014年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“新疆石窟寺研究”(14ZDB054)阶段性研究成果之一
关键词
克孜尔石窟
天相图
核心要素
分类
演变
Kizil Grottoes
Celestial Scene
Core Element
Classification
Evolution
