Physical geography is the cornerstone of geography. In this article, the starting points of disciplines in physical geography in recent years in China are discussed. With the coupling of systems set as the research ob...Physical geography is the cornerstone of geography. In this article, the starting points of disciplines in physical geography in recent years in China are discussed. With the coupling of systems set as the research object, and sustainable development as the ultimate goal, the upgrade of physical geography can be deconstructed into three steps: deepen physical geography from the perspective of pattern-process coupling, improve the focus of physical geography from ecosystem processes to ecosystem services, and increase the understanding of the physical geography ‘pattern, process, service, sustainability' research cascade. The incorporation of human activities into physical geographic processes is essential to conduct integrated analysis on physical and human factors at different scales. The development of ecosystem service models that couple supply-demand and sustainable development are of great importance to bridge the role of ecosystem services between the natural environment and human well-being. Moreover, human-land systems and sustainable development have become the core areas and frontiers of integrated physical geography and even geography in general. China faces the great strategic demand of constructing an ecological civilization in a new era, and the development of the disciplines of physical geography should give full access to the advantages of intersecting and comprehensive disciplines, focus on the human-land system patterns,processes, and services in key research areas, and provide disciplinary support for regional, national, and global sustainable development.展开更多
Research on rural transformation provides a scientific framework for understanding the process and mechanism of rural development.Deepening the study of rural transformation at the micro level can help reveal the univ...Research on rural transformation provides a scientific framework for understanding the process and mechanism of rural development.Deepening the study of rural transformation at the micro level can help reveal the universal model and regulatory path of rural human-land interactions and provide a reference for rural sustainable development.This study constructs a theoretical framework for rural transformation based on the theory of the human-land relationship areal system and selects Majiabian village in Suide county as an example to explore the process and mechanism of typical rural transformation in the loess hilly-gully region through semi-structured interviews and remote sensing image interpretation.The results show that the development of Majiabian village from 1980-2022 can be divided into three stages,i.e.,agricultural decentralization under the orientation of local urbanization(1980-1996),rural hollowing under the orientation of rapid urbanization(1997-2012),and agricultural specialization under the orientation of urban-rural integration(2013-2022),which correspond to the three transition states of SDS2,RDS,and HDS,respectively.Under the long-standing urban-rural dual structure,the siphoning effect and other negative impacts of rapid industrialization and urbanization have caused Majiabian village to deteriorate.Fortunately,with the joint efforts of government policies,village elites,and grassroots organizations,Majiabian village has achieved the process of transformation from decline to revitalization.The experience of Majiabian village provides valuable insights for the transformation and revitalization of general villages across the country.We propose that the capacity for sustainable development in such villages can be enhanced in five ways:strengthening policy support,fostering new agricultural business entities,promoting the two-way free flow of factors between urban and rural areas,strengthening rural social governance,and reinforcing the systematic research and practice of geographic engineering.展开更多
Physical geography and human geography are the principal branches of the geographical sciences. Physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography are both quantitative methods used to recover past ...Physical geography and human geography are the principal branches of the geographical sciences. Physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography are both quantitative methods used to recover past events and even to forecast events based on precisely determined parameters. There are four differences between physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography, which we summarize with two specific cases, one of which is about a typhoon＇s development and its precipitation, and the other of which is regarding the evolution of three industrial structures in China. The differences focus on four aspects： the main factors of the research framework; the knowledge back-ground of the systematic analysis framework; the simulation data sources and quantitative method; and the core of the study object and the method of forecast application. As the human-land relationship is the key ideology of the man-land system, the relationship between the physical and human factors is becoming increasingly close at present. Physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography will exhibit crossing and blending in the future to reflect the various geographical phenomena better.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDY-SSW-DQC025)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0604701)
文摘Physical geography is the cornerstone of geography. In this article, the starting points of disciplines in physical geography in recent years in China are discussed. With the coupling of systems set as the research object, and sustainable development as the ultimate goal, the upgrade of physical geography can be deconstructed into three steps: deepen physical geography from the perspective of pattern-process coupling, improve the focus of physical geography from ecosystem processes to ecosystem services, and increase the understanding of the physical geography ‘pattern, process, service, sustainability' research cascade. The incorporation of human activities into physical geographic processes is essential to conduct integrated analysis on physical and human factors at different scales. The development of ecosystem service models that couple supply-demand and sustainable development are of great importance to bridge the role of ecosystem services between the natural environment and human well-being. Moreover, human-land systems and sustainable development have become the core areas and frontiers of integrated physical geography and even geography in general. China faces the great strategic demand of constructing an ecological civilization in a new era, and the development of the disciplines of physical geography should give full access to the advantages of intersecting and comprehensive disciplines, focus on the human-land system patterns,processes, and services in key research areas, and provide disciplinary support for regional, national, and global sustainable development.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42293271,No.41931293。
文摘Research on rural transformation provides a scientific framework for understanding the process and mechanism of rural development.Deepening the study of rural transformation at the micro level can help reveal the universal model and regulatory path of rural human-land interactions and provide a reference for rural sustainable development.This study constructs a theoretical framework for rural transformation based on the theory of the human-land relationship areal system and selects Majiabian village in Suide county as an example to explore the process and mechanism of typical rural transformation in the loess hilly-gully region through semi-structured interviews and remote sensing image interpretation.The results show that the development of Majiabian village from 1980-2022 can be divided into three stages,i.e.,agricultural decentralization under the orientation of local urbanization(1980-1996),rural hollowing under the orientation of rapid urbanization(1997-2012),and agricultural specialization under the orientation of urban-rural integration(2013-2022),which correspond to the three transition states of SDS2,RDS,and HDS,respectively.Under the long-standing urban-rural dual structure,the siphoning effect and other negative impacts of rapid industrialization and urbanization have caused Majiabian village to deteriorate.Fortunately,with the joint efforts of government policies,village elites,and grassroots organizations,Majiabian village has achieved the process of transformation from decline to revitalization.The experience of Majiabian village provides valuable insights for the transformation and revitalization of general villages across the country.We propose that the capacity for sustainable development in such villages can be enhanced in five ways:strengthening policy support,fostering new agricultural business entities,promoting the two-way free flow of factors between urban and rural areas,strengthening rural social governance,and reinforcing the systematic research and practice of geographic engineering.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41125005 Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KACX1-YW-1001
文摘Physical geography and human geography are the principal branches of the geographical sciences. Physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography are both quantitative methods used to recover past events and even to forecast events based on precisely determined parameters. There are four differences between physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography, which we summarize with two specific cases, one of which is about a typhoon＇s development and its precipitation, and the other of which is regarding the evolution of three industrial structures in China. The differences focus on four aspects： the main factors of the research framework; the knowledge back-ground of the systematic analysis framework; the simulation data sources and quantitative method; and the core of the study object and the method of forecast application. As the human-land relationship is the key ideology of the man-land system, the relationship between the physical and human factors is becoming increasingly close at present. Physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography will exhibit crossing and blending in the future to reflect the various geographical phenomena better.
