In recent years, tremendous research interest has been triggered in the fields of flexible, wearable and miniaturized power supply devices and self-powered energy sources, in which energy harvesting/conversion devices...In recent years, tremendous research interest has been triggered in the fields of flexible, wearable and miniaturized power supply devices and self-powered energy sources, in which energy harvesting/conversion devices are integrated with energy storage devices into an infinitely self-powered energy system. As opposed to conventional fabrication methods, printing techniques hold promising potency for fabrication of power supply devices with practical scalability and versatility, especially for applications in wearable and portable electronics. To further enhance the performance of the as-fabricated devices, the utilization of nanomaterials is one of the promising strategies, owing to their unique properties. In this review, an overview on the progress of printable strategies to revolutionize the fabrication of power supply devices and integrated system with attractive form factors is provided. The advantages and limitations of the commonly adopted printing techniques for power supply device fabrication are first summarized. Thereafter, the research progress on novel developed printable energy harvesting and conversion devices, including solar cells, nanogenerators and biofuel cells, and the research advances on printable energy storage devices, namely, supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries, are presented, respectively. Although exciting advances on printable material modification, innovative fabrication methods and device performance improvement have been witnessed, there are still several challenges to be addressed to realize fully printable fabrication of integrated self-powered energy sources.展开更多
近年来,钙钛矿太阳电池(Perovskite solar cells,PSCs)以其优异的光电转换性能和溶液制备成本低等优势受到了科研工作者和产业界人士的广泛关注,被认为是新一代薄膜太阳电池技术中的杰出代表。目前,钙钛矿太阳电池的光电转换效率(Power ...近年来,钙钛矿太阳电池(Perovskite solar cells,PSCs)以其优异的光电转换性能和溶液制备成本低等优势受到了科研工作者和产业界人士的广泛关注,被认为是新一代薄膜太阳电池技术中的杰出代表。目前,钙钛矿太阳电池的光电转换效率(Power conversion efficiency,PCE)已经从2009年报道的3.8%迅速提升到现在的22.7%,达到商业化多晶硅、碲化镉、铜铟镓硒等太阳电池水平。目前,溶液旋涂法是实验室制备钙钛矿太阳电池的常用方法。虽然旋涂法操作简单、成膜速度快、重复性好,然而该法缺点也很明显:(1)材料浪费严重;(2)不具备图案化功能;(3)不适用于工业化的连续生产。因此,溶液旋涂技术无法满足钙钛矿太阳电池今后大规模工业化生产所需的大面积、低成本等制造要求。从实验室小面积器件制备转变到可大面积的产业化制备以及降低钙钛矿太阳电池的生产成本,将是钙钛矿太阳电池产业化过程中的一个重要课题。在钙钛矿太阳电池的制备方法中,印刷技术因具有材料利用率高、成本低、工艺效率高、可大面积制备、适用于柔性基底等特点而备受关注。基于印刷工艺制备的小面积钙钛矿太阳电池效率已接近20%,大面积(>10cm2)钙钛矿太阳电池效率在10%～16%之间,大面积柔性钙钛矿太阳电池效率为10%左右。然而,从实验室小器件转变到大规模工业化生产依旧存在许多问题亟待解决。例如:(1)为了加快钙钛矿材料的结晶,在钙钛矿薄膜退火过程中通常采用溶剂工程或惰性气体辅助的方式,这将导致印刷的大面积钙钛矿薄膜质量难以控制以及重复性降低;(2)退火过程中较高的退火温度会限制柔性基底和界面材料的选择;(3)钙钛矿材料本身对空气湿度敏感,需提高钙钛矿层制备过程的环境适应性,降低制备工艺本身对环境条件的限制等。基于此,完善钙钛矿太阳电池的印刷制备工�展开更多
文摘In recent years, tremendous research interest has been triggered in the fields of flexible, wearable and miniaturized power supply devices and self-powered energy sources, in which energy harvesting/conversion devices are integrated with energy storage devices into an infinitely self-powered energy system. As opposed to conventional fabrication methods, printing techniques hold promising potency for fabrication of power supply devices with practical scalability and versatility, especially for applications in wearable and portable electronics. To further enhance the performance of the as-fabricated devices, the utilization of nanomaterials is one of the promising strategies, owing to their unique properties. In this review, an overview on the progress of printable strategies to revolutionize the fabrication of power supply devices and integrated system with attractive form factors is provided. The advantages and limitations of the commonly adopted printing techniques for power supply device fabrication are first summarized. Thereafter, the research progress on novel developed printable energy harvesting and conversion devices, including solar cells, nanogenerators and biofuel cells, and the research advances on printable energy storage devices, namely, supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries, are presented, respectively. Although exciting advances on printable material modification, innovative fabrication methods and device performance improvement have been witnessed, there are still several challenges to be addressed to realize fully printable fabrication of integrated self-powered energy sources.
文摘近年来,钙钛矿太阳电池(Perovskite solar cells,PSCs)以其优异的光电转换性能和溶液制备成本低等优势受到了科研工作者和产业界人士的广泛关注,被认为是新一代薄膜太阳电池技术中的杰出代表。目前,钙钛矿太阳电池的光电转换效率(Power conversion efficiency,PCE)已经从2009年报道的3.8%迅速提升到现在的22.7%,达到商业化多晶硅、碲化镉、铜铟镓硒等太阳电池水平。目前,溶液旋涂法是实验室制备钙钛矿太阳电池的常用方法。虽然旋涂法操作简单、成膜速度快、重复性好,然而该法缺点也很明显:(1)材料浪费严重;(2)不具备图案化功能;(3)不适用于工业化的连续生产。因此,溶液旋涂技术无法满足钙钛矿太阳电池今后大规模工业化生产所需的大面积、低成本等制造要求。从实验室小面积器件制备转变到可大面积的产业化制备以及降低钙钛矿太阳电池的生产成本,将是钙钛矿太阳电池产业化过程中的一个重要课题。在钙钛矿太阳电池的制备方法中,印刷技术因具有材料利用率高、成本低、工艺效率高、可大面积制备、适用于柔性基底等特点而备受关注。基于印刷工艺制备的小面积钙钛矿太阳电池效率已接近20%,大面积(>10cm2)钙钛矿太阳电池效率在10%～16%之间,大面积柔性钙钛矿太阳电池效率为10%左右。然而,从实验室小器件转变到大规模工业化生产依旧存在许多问题亟待解决。例如:(1)为了加快钙钛矿材料的结晶,在钙钛矿薄膜退火过程中通常采用溶剂工程或惰性气体辅助的方式,这将导致印刷的大面积钙钛矿薄膜质量难以控制以及重复性降低;(2)退火过程中较高的退火温度会限制柔性基底和界面材料的选择;(3)钙钛矿材料本身对空气湿度敏感,需提高钙钛矿层制备过程的环境适应性,降低制备工艺本身对环境条件的限制等。基于此,完善钙钛矿太阳电池的印刷制备工�
