Pyricularia oryzae anamorph of Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most notorious fungal pathogens causing severe economic loss in rice production worldwide. Various methods, viz. cultural, biological and molecular appro...Pyricularia oryzae anamorph of Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most notorious fungal pathogens causing severe economic loss in rice production worldwide. Various methods, viz. cultural, biological and molecular approaches, are utilized to counteract this pathogen. Moreover, some tolerant or resistant rice varieties have been developed with the help of breeding programmes. Isolation and molecular characterization of different blast resistance genes now open the gate for new possibilities to elucidate the actual allelic variants of these genes via various molecular breeding and transgenic approaches. However, the behavioral pattern of this fungus breakups the resistance barriers in the resistant or tolerant rice varieties. This host-pathogen barrier will be possibly countered in future research by comparative genomics data from available genome sequence data of rice and M. oryzae for durable resistance. Present review emphasized fascinating recent updates, new molecular breeding approaches, transgenic and genomics approaches(i.e. mi RNA and genome editing) for the management of blast disease in rice. The updated information will be helpful for the durable, resistance breeding programme in rice against blast pathogen.展开更多
Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a hig...Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a high degree of uncertainty to the reserve estimation, and in consequence to the whole mine planning procedure. Real option approach is an efficient method of decision making in the uncertain conditions. This approach has been used for evaluation of defined natural resources projects until now. This study considering the metal price uncertainty used real option approach to prepare a methodology for reserve estimation in open pit mines. This study was done on a copper cylindrical deposit, but the achieved methodology can be adjusted for all kinds of deposits. This methodology was comprehensively described through the examples in such a manner that can be used by the mine planners.展开更多
Individuals,local communities,environmental associations,private organizations,and public representatives and bodies may all be aggrieved by environmental problems concerning poor air quality,illegal waste disposal,wa...Individuals,local communities,environmental associations,private organizations,and public representatives and bodies may all be aggrieved by environmental problems concerning poor air quality,illegal waste disposal,water contamination,and general pollution.Environmental complaints represent the expressions of dissatisfaction with these issues.As the timeconsuming of managing a large number of complaints,text mining may be useful for automatically extracting information on stakeholder priorities and concerns.The paper used text mining and semantic network analysis to crawl relevant keywords about environmental complaints from two online complaint submission systems:online claim submission system of Regional Agency for Prevention,Environment and Energy(Arpae)(“Contact Arpae”);and Arpae's internal platform for environmental pollution(“Environmental incident reporting portal”)in the Emilia-Romagna Region,Italy.We evaluated the total of 2477 records and classified this information based on the claim topic(air pollution,water pollution,noise pollution,waste,odor,soil,weather-climate,sea-coast,and electromagnetic radiation)and geographical distribution.Then,this paper used natural language processing to extract keywords from the dataset,and classified keywords ranking higher in Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TF-IDF)based on the driver,pressure,state,impact,and response(DPSIR)framework.This study provided a systemic approach to understanding the interaction between people and environment in different geographical contexts and builds sustainable and healthy communities.The results showed that most complaints are from the public and associated with air pollution and odor.Factories(particularly foundries and ceramic industries)and farms are identified as the drivers of environmental issues.Citizen believed that environmental issues mainly affect human well-being.Moreover,the keywords of“odor”,“report”,“request”,“presence”,“municipality”,and“hours”were the most influential and meani展开更多
Following the example of other industrial activities, mining evaluation is now exposed to socio-economical and technological constraints which are unstable in quick evolution. The keys to its success are increasingly ...Following the example of other industrial activities, mining evaluation is now exposed to socio-economical and technological constraints which are unstable in quick evolution. The keys to its success are increasingly related to a methodology of work more scientific than ever. The Systemic Approach has broadly showed its effectiveness in numerous disciplinary fields, both scientific and engineering ones: Biology, Economy, Social and Management Sciences, Quality Management, Information Systems… Helped by technological progress, this approach has especially excelled in the management of spatial information (e.g. GIS). It constitutes therefore an excellent solution to the problems of mining evaluation by the integration of genetic, mining and managerial data within an Information System, thus optimizing scientific and economic valuation of mineral resources.展开更多
本文提出了一种新的数据挖掘分类方法——免疫克隆分类算法（Immune Clonal Algorithm for Classification，ICAC）．ICAC是一种基于免疫克隆算法的搜索机制和Michigan方法模型的规则提取和分类方法．与遗传分类算法不同，ICAC是一种自...本文提出了一种新的数据挖掘分类方法——免疫克隆分类算法（Immune Clonal Algorithm for Classification，ICAC）．ICAC是一种基于免疫克隆算法的搜索机制和Michigan方法模型的规则提取和分类方法．与遗传分类算法不同，ICAC是一种自下而上的分类算法．ICAC虽然着眼于规则的进化，但是从编码到免疫算子的设计都立足于训练样本，可避免进化过程中产生无意义规则，且产生的规则是可解释的．文中将算法用于UCI数据集，并与现有的基于非遗传算法、遗传算法和分布式遗传算法的分类方法进行了比较实验．结果表明，ICAC是一种有效的分类算法．展开更多
文摘Pyricularia oryzae anamorph of Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most notorious fungal pathogens causing severe economic loss in rice production worldwide. Various methods, viz. cultural, biological and molecular approaches, are utilized to counteract this pathogen. Moreover, some tolerant or resistant rice varieties have been developed with the help of breeding programmes. Isolation and molecular characterization of different blast resistance genes now open the gate for new possibilities to elucidate the actual allelic variants of these genes via various molecular breeding and transgenic approaches. However, the behavioral pattern of this fungus breakups the resistance barriers in the resistant or tolerant rice varieties. This host-pathogen barrier will be possibly countered in future research by comparative genomics data from available genome sequence data of rice and M. oryzae for durable resistance. Present review emphasized fascinating recent updates, new molecular breeding approaches, transgenic and genomics approaches(i.e. mi RNA and genome editing) for the management of blast disease in rice. The updated information will be helpful for the durable, resistance breeding programme in rice against blast pathogen.
文摘Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a high degree of uncertainty to the reserve estimation, and in consequence to the whole mine planning procedure. Real option approach is an efficient method of decision making in the uncertain conditions. This approach has been used for evaluation of defined natural resources projects until now. This study considering the metal price uncertainty used real option approach to prepare a methodology for reserve estimation in open pit mines. This study was done on a copper cylindrical deposit, but the achieved methodology can be adjusted for all kinds of deposits. This methodology was comprehensively described through the examples in such a manner that can be used by the mine planners.
文摘Individuals,local communities,environmental associations,private organizations,and public representatives and bodies may all be aggrieved by environmental problems concerning poor air quality,illegal waste disposal,water contamination,and general pollution.Environmental complaints represent the expressions of dissatisfaction with these issues.As the timeconsuming of managing a large number of complaints,text mining may be useful for automatically extracting information on stakeholder priorities and concerns.The paper used text mining and semantic network analysis to crawl relevant keywords about environmental complaints from two online complaint submission systems:online claim submission system of Regional Agency for Prevention,Environment and Energy(Arpae)(“Contact Arpae”);and Arpae's internal platform for environmental pollution(“Environmental incident reporting portal”)in the Emilia-Romagna Region,Italy.We evaluated the total of 2477 records and classified this information based on the claim topic(air pollution,water pollution,noise pollution,waste,odor,soil,weather-climate,sea-coast,and electromagnetic radiation)and geographical distribution.Then,this paper used natural language processing to extract keywords from the dataset,and classified keywords ranking higher in Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TF-IDF)based on the driver,pressure,state,impact,and response(DPSIR)framework.This study provided a systemic approach to understanding the interaction between people and environment in different geographical contexts and builds sustainable and healthy communities.The results showed that most complaints are from the public and associated with air pollution and odor.Factories(particularly foundries and ceramic industries)and farms are identified as the drivers of environmental issues.Citizen believed that environmental issues mainly affect human well-being.Moreover,the keywords of“odor”,“report”,“request”,“presence”,“municipality”,and“hours”were the most influential and meani
文摘Following the example of other industrial activities, mining evaluation is now exposed to socio-economical and technological constraints which are unstable in quick evolution. The keys to its success are increasingly related to a methodology of work more scientific than ever. The Systemic Approach has broadly showed its effectiveness in numerous disciplinary fields, both scientific and engineering ones: Biology, Economy, Social and Management Sciences, Quality Management, Information Systems… Helped by technological progress, this approach has especially excelled in the management of spatial information (e.g. GIS). It constitutes therefore an excellent solution to the problems of mining evaluation by the integration of genetic, mining and managerial data within an Information System, thus optimizing scientific and economic valuation of mineral resources.
文摘本文提出了一种新的数据挖掘分类方法——免疫克隆分类算法（Immune Clonal Algorithm for Classification，ICAC）．ICAC是一种基于免疫克隆算法的搜索机制和Michigan方法模型的规则提取和分类方法．与遗传分类算法不同，ICAC是一种自下而上的分类算法．ICAC虽然着眼于规则的进化，但是从编码到免疫算子的设计都立足于训练样本，可避免进化过程中产生无意义规则，且产生的规则是可解释的．文中将算法用于UCI数据集，并与现有的基于非遗传算法、遗传算法和分布式遗传算法的分类方法进行了比较实验．结果表明，ICAC是一种有效的分类算法．
