Introduction:Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and severe consequences.Several published studies have revealed that electroacupuncture may reli...Introduction:Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and severe consequences.Several published studies have revealed that electroacupuncture may relieve OSAS symptoms.However,the mechanism of electro-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with OSAS remains unclear.Methods and analysis:We evaluated the efficacy and mechanism of electro-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with OSAS.This was a two-group parallel randomized controlled trial.Sixty patients with OSAS will be randomly divided into an electro-acupuncture or shallow acupuncture group in a proportion of 1:1,and the patients will be administered 36 sessions of electro/shallow acupuncture treatment(three times a week for 12 weeks,20 min for each session).The Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) will be used as the primary outcome.Secondary outcomes will include polysomnography(PSG),sleep quality,emotional state,and cognitive function.In addition,patients will receive neuroimaging scanning before and after the entire acupuncture treatment to evaluate neuroplasticity changes,including gray matter density,white matter integrity,and functional connections.Expected outcomes:We believe that the use of electro-acupuncture will be more effective in patients with mild to moderate OSAS and that the cognitive and emotional status of patients will improve after acupuncture treatment.In addition,we aim to clarify which brain areas can be altered by acupuncture in patients with OSAS.Discussion:This randomized clinical trial aims to explore the curative effect and central mechanism of acupuncture treatment for OSAS.We will explore gray matter density,white matter integrity,and functional connections of the brain using fMRI technology.The results of this study will be significant to the guidelines for clinical OSAS treatment.展开更多
The Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)alloy ribbons with different solidification cooling rates were prepared by modifying the melt-spinning speed of 6.0,12.5,25.0 and 50.0 m·s^(-1)·With cooling rate decreasing,the(Fe,Co...The Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)alloy ribbons with different solidification cooling rates were prepared by modifying the melt-spinning speed of 6.0,12.5,25.0 and 50.0 m·s^(-1)·With cooling rate decreasing,the(Fe,Co)5 Gd and hcp-Gd nanocrystalline was in situ precipitated among the amorphous matrix,which resulted in the composition change of the amorphous phase.Because of the only slight amount of crystalline phase in Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)alloys,the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties mainly depend on the amorphous phase,and all the magnetic entropy change versus temperature(|Δ|SMI-T)curves are table-like,indicating the suitability for Ericsson cycle.The magnetic transition temperature of the Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)alloy at a melt-spinning speed of 6.0 m·s^(-1) shifted obviously to the lower value with the applied magnetic fields increasing.The peak value of magnetic entropy change(|ΔSMpk|)is 2.19 J·kg^(-1)·K^(-1)at217 K under the magnetic field change of 0-2 T,and the table-like region is 200-230 K.It was proved that the moderate reduction of the cooling rate will not deteriorate the magnetocaloric performance of the Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)ribbons seriously.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (82004197)Project for New Teachers of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (2020-JYB-XJSJJ-046)。
文摘Introduction:Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and severe consequences.Several published studies have revealed that electroacupuncture may relieve OSAS symptoms.However,the mechanism of electro-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with OSAS remains unclear.Methods and analysis:We evaluated the efficacy and mechanism of electro-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with OSAS.This was a two-group parallel randomized controlled trial.Sixty patients with OSAS will be randomly divided into an electro-acupuncture or shallow acupuncture group in a proportion of 1:1,and the patients will be administered 36 sessions of electro/shallow acupuncture treatment(three times a week for 12 weeks,20 min for each session).The Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) will be used as the primary outcome.Secondary outcomes will include polysomnography(PSG),sleep quality,emotional state,and cognitive function.In addition,patients will receive neuroimaging scanning before and after the entire acupuncture treatment to evaluate neuroplasticity changes,including gray matter density,white matter integrity,and functional connections.Expected outcomes:We believe that the use of electro-acupuncture will be more effective in patients with mild to moderate OSAS and that the cognitive and emotional status of patients will improve after acupuncture treatment.In addition,we aim to clarify which brain areas can be altered by acupuncture in patients with OSAS.Discussion:This randomized clinical trial aims to explore the curative effect and central mechanism of acupuncture treatment for OSAS.We will explore gray matter density,white matter integrity,and functional connections of the brain using fMRI technology.The results of this study will be significant to the guidelines for clinical OSAS treatment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51701003)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.1908085ME147)the International Cooperation and Exchanges in Anhui Provincial Key Project of Research(No.202004b11020010)。
文摘The Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)alloy ribbons with different solidification cooling rates were prepared by modifying the melt-spinning speed of 6.0,12.5,25.0 and 50.0 m·s^(-1)·With cooling rate decreasing,the(Fe,Co)5 Gd and hcp-Gd nanocrystalline was in situ precipitated among the amorphous matrix,which resulted in the composition change of the amorphous phase.Because of the only slight amount of crystalline phase in Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)alloys,the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties mainly depend on the amorphous phase,and all the magnetic entropy change versus temperature(|Δ|SMI-T)curves are table-like,indicating the suitability for Ericsson cycle.The magnetic transition temperature of the Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)alloy at a melt-spinning speed of 6.0 m·s^(-1) shifted obviously to the lower value with the applied magnetic fields increasing.The peak value of magnetic entropy change(|ΔSMpk|)is 2.19 J·kg^(-1)·K^(-1)at217 K under the magnetic field change of 0-2 T,and the table-like region is 200-230 K.It was proved that the moderate reduction of the cooling rate will not deteriorate the magnetocaloric performance of the Gd_(60)Co_(30)Fe_(10)ribbons seriously.
