As essential pillars of passenger mobility and freight transport,road and rail transportation have experienced a rapid increase over the past years.This trend indicates an increase in energy consumption,especially ele...As essential pillars of passenger mobility and freight transport,road and rail transportation have experienced a rapid increase over the past years.This trend indicates an increase in energy consumption,especially electricity,due to higher energy efficiency and less carbon emission,but it exacerbates the contradiction between the power supply and demand.Nowadays,for additional power sources,increased solar power generation has been widely installed in their own available spaces for road and rail transportation,which has attracted a great deal of attention.This paper reviews the current status of solar power generation and its integrated application in the transport sector.Then,the photovoltaic generation potential of road and rail transportation in China are evaluated.Finally,further developments and perspectives of solar energy-powered road and rail transportation are presented,which not only contributes to lower-carbon and green transportation,but also promotes the development of renewable power generation for energy transformation.It is confirmed that solar energy-powered road and rail transportation is a promising approach for sustainable transportation with more renewable energy and less carbon emission.展开更多
A laboratory system was designed to generate bitumen fumes and expose tested samplers in a homogenised chamber. The system was also designed to condense the fumes in the form of oil that could be used as a standard fo...A laboratory system was designed to generate bitumen fumes and expose tested samplers in a homogenised chamber. The system was also designed to condense the fumes in the form of oil that could be used as a standard for further analytical method development. The laboratory system was evaluated in terms of stability, repeatability, aging, and ranges, focusing on the quality and quantity of the fumes and their physical characteristics. The fumes generated with the laboratory system were also compared to fumes emitted at workplaces to evaluate their similarity. The results demonstrated that laboratory fume generation was stable and repeatable. Humidity ranged from 20% to 80% RH and the total fume concentration ranged from 0.01 to 9.36 mg.m<sup>-3</sup>, covering the conditions encountered for road paving worksites. The fumes generated in the laboratory were found to be similar to those of workplaces, with slight differences in light compounds equivalent to C12 and below n-alkanes. Thus, the system designed in this study is considered capable of generating bitumen fumes used to develop sampling and analysis methods.展开更多
上世纪90年代后期以来,“在路上”成为中国文学界的流行话语,它源于“垮掉的一代”(BG)作家凯鲁亚克的小说《在路上》(On the Road),其起源语境、语义与BG相关。小说中BG伙伴横穿美国,在路上酗酒、吸毒、滥交,反抗美国现存体制,体验主...上世纪90年代后期以来,“在路上”成为中国文学界的流行话语,它源于“垮掉的一代”(BG)作家凯鲁亚克的小说《在路上》(On the Road),其起源语境、语义与BG相关。小说中BG伙伴横穿美国,在路上酗酒、吸毒、滥交,反抗美国现存体制,体验主流文化之外另一种生活。他们为一种莫名的想望不知疲倦地奔走,在疯狂中感觉自我,所以“在路上”语义非常复杂。中国移植者将它从其起源语境中剥离出来,抽空其原义,对其作望文生义的理解,使其抽象化、普泛化,弱化了它对于中国文化建构的价值与意义。展开更多
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51807182).
文摘As essential pillars of passenger mobility and freight transport,road and rail transportation have experienced a rapid increase over the past years.This trend indicates an increase in energy consumption,especially electricity,due to higher energy efficiency and less carbon emission,but it exacerbates the contradiction between the power supply and demand.Nowadays,for additional power sources,increased solar power generation has been widely installed in their own available spaces for road and rail transportation,which has attracted a great deal of attention.This paper reviews the current status of solar power generation and its integrated application in the transport sector.Then,the photovoltaic generation potential of road and rail transportation in China are evaluated.Finally,further developments and perspectives of solar energy-powered road and rail transportation are presented,which not only contributes to lower-carbon and green transportation,but also promotes the development of renewable power generation for energy transformation.It is confirmed that solar energy-powered road and rail transportation is a promising approach for sustainable transportation with more renewable energy and less carbon emission.
文摘A laboratory system was designed to generate bitumen fumes and expose tested samplers in a homogenised chamber. The system was also designed to condense the fumes in the form of oil that could be used as a standard for further analytical method development. The laboratory system was evaluated in terms of stability, repeatability, aging, and ranges, focusing on the quality and quantity of the fumes and their physical characteristics. The fumes generated with the laboratory system were also compared to fumes emitted at workplaces to evaluate their similarity. The results demonstrated that laboratory fume generation was stable and repeatable. Humidity ranged from 20% to 80% RH and the total fume concentration ranged from 0.01 to 9.36 mg.m<sup>-3</sup>, covering the conditions encountered for road paving worksites. The fumes generated in the laboratory were found to be similar to those of workplaces, with slight differences in light compounds equivalent to C12 and below n-alkanes. Thus, the system designed in this study is considered capable of generating bitumen fumes used to develop sampling and analysis methods.
文摘上世纪90年代后期以来,“在路上”成为中国文学界的流行话语,它源于“垮掉的一代”(BG)作家凯鲁亚克的小说《在路上》(On the Road),其起源语境、语义与BG相关。小说中BG伙伴横穿美国,在路上酗酒、吸毒、滥交,反抗美国现存体制,体验主流文化之外另一种生活。他们为一种莫名的想望不知疲倦地奔走,在疯狂中感觉自我,所以“在路上”语义非常复杂。中国移植者将它从其起源语境中剥离出来,抽空其原义,对其作望文生义的理解,使其抽象化、普泛化,弱化了它对于中国文化建构的价值与意义。
