摘要
目的了解2015—2017年无锡市流感流行特征、流感病毒流行株变化特点,为无锡市流感防治工作提供依据。方法对2015—2017年国家流感监测信息系统中哨点医院流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)监测资料、病原学监测结果及全市暴发疫情进行分析。结果 2015—2017年无锡市流感哨点医院ILI%为2.44%,呈现冬春峰和夏峰三峰分布的特征。ILI年龄构成以0～4岁组(占68.36%)和5～14岁组(占25.58%),年龄分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=704.076,P <0.01)。2015—2017年无锡市流感监测实验室共收集ILI咽拭子标本6 280份,阳性率11.8%。2015和2017年优势病毒株为季H3和B型流感病毒,2016年优势病毒株为季H3和新甲H1病毒。乙型流感病毒主要在冬季(占41.87%)和春季(占39.44%)流行。新甲H1主要在冬季流行(占80.19%)。季H3主要在秋季(占45.02%)和冬季(占26.21%)流行。2015年ILI%与流感病毒阳性检测率两者呈正相关(r=0.796,P<0.01)。2015—2017年共报告流感样病例暴发疫情49起,均发生在学校和托幼机构。结论 2015—2017年无锡市流感呈现冬、春、夏三峰分布特征,15岁以下儿童是高发人群。流感毒株以乙型流感和季H3、新甲H1流行为特征。学校和托幼机构是暴发疫情重点关注场所。
[Objective]To understand the characteristics of the influenza epidemic and the changes of the influenza virus strains in Wuxi from 2015-2017,and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of influenza in this region.[Methods]Surveillance data,pathogen surveillance results and outbreak of influenza-like illness(ILI)in sentinel hospitals in the national influenza surveillance information system from 2015-2017 were analyzed.[Results]The overall proportion of ILI in sentinel hospitals of Wuxi during this period was 2.44%.There were 3 peaks distributed in winter-spring and summer.ILI age distribution was statistically significant between the 0-4 year old group(68.36%)and the 5-14 year old group(25.58%)(χ2=704.076,P<0.01).From 2015 to 2017,a total of 6 280 ILI throat swabs were collected by Wuxi influenza surveillance laboratory,with a positive rate of 11.8%.The dominant strains in 2015 and 2017 were seasonal H3 and type B influenza viruses,while the dominant strains in 2016 were seasonal H3 and new A/H1 viruses.Type B influenza epidemic season were winter(41.87%)and spring(39.44%),new A/H1 mainly in winter(80.19%).Season H3 were mainly in autumn(45.02%)and winter(26.21%).In 2015,ILI%was positively correlated with influenza virus positive rate(r=0.796,P<0.01).From 2015-2017,a total of 49 outbreaks of influenzalike cases were reported,all in schools and childcare institutions.[Conclusion]From 2015 to 2017,the distribution characteristics of winter,spring and summer peaks of influenza in Wuxi are observed,and children<15 years old are at high risk.Influenza strains are characterized by influenza b and seasonal epide mics of H3 and new A/H1.Scho ols and childcare institutions are key areas of concern for outbreaks.
作者
王瑶
陈善辉
WANG Yao;CHEN Shan-hui(Department of Disease Control and Prevention,Liangxi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi Jiangsu,214000,China;Department of Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi Jiangsu,214000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2019年第3期376-379,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
流感样病例
流感病毒
流行特征
暴发疫情
Influenza-like cases
Influenza virus
Epidemiological feature
Outbreak
