摘要
农田从供给、调节和支持三个方面为人类提供生态系统服务的同时也消耗着其他系统和人类经济社会对其投入的资源,并且农田还提供了很多无益甚至有害的负服务。本文构建了基于能值分析框架的农田生态系统服务评估体系,以河北省栾城县为代表的农田生态系统为研究对象,从其消耗的资源、生态系统正服务、负服务产出3个方面分析农田生态系统的投入和产出情况;并构建基于生态服务的综合评价指标来探究农田生态系统的可持续发展情况。结果表明:农田消耗了大量的资源(2.75×1020sej),其中人类的不可更新工业辅助能最大(2.52×1020sej);农田提供的正服务(6.40×1020sej)主要是供给服务(3.70×1020sej),负服务供给中(2.02×1020sej),调节负服务比重最大(1.83×1020sej);能值可持续发展指数远小于1,且逐渐降低,综合评价农田属于严重的消费型系统。
Ecosystem services,defined as the benefits human beings derive from ecosystems,have become the focus of ecosystem research in recent years.Agricultural ecosystems provided provisioning services,regulating services and supporting services,but also consume resources from other ecosystems,require investment from human economic society and produce harmful services,called dis-services.Here,we built a framework for agricultural ecosystem services and dis-services assessment based on emergy analysis for Luancheng County,Province,China and analyzed the inputs and outputs of agricultural ecosystems.Last,we calculated a composite index to measure the sustainable development status of the agro-ecosystem.We found that the agricultural ecosystem consumed a lot of resources (2.75 × 1020sej),including human nonrenewable industrial energy (2.52× 1020sej).Provisioning services (3.70× 1020sej) were the largest services provided by the agricultural ecosystem and regulating dis-services (1.83 × 1020sej) were the largest dis-services from the agricultural ecosystem.The economic emergy provisioning services yield ratio declined rapidly and the economic emergy ecosystem services yield ratio declined at a gradual rate.The economic emergy net ecosystem services yield ratio showed a gradually increasing trend.Both the natural emergy ecosystem services yield ratio and natural emergy net ecosystem services yield ratio increased rapidly for natural and other systems.The emergy investment ratio declined at first and then increased.The environment load ratio showed a rising trend.The ecosystem services and ecosystem dis-services ratio grew,suggesting that the increase in ecosystem services was faster than dis-services.The emergy of sustainability indexes showed that the agro-ecosystem of Luancheng County relied on resource inputs and was not sustainable; this non-sustainability appears to be worsening with time and effective measures must be taken to correct this.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第9期1949-1957,共9页
Resources Science
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(编号:KSCX2-EW-J-5)
关键词
生态系统负服务
生态系统服务
能值分析
资源消耗
可持续发展
ecosystem dis-services
ecosystem services
emergy analysis
resource consumption
sustainable development
