摘要
旨在研究不同施氮量对荞麦产量和品质的影响,筛选适合青海东部农区荞麦种植的最佳施肥量。以甜荞‘六桥1号’和苦荞‘黑丰1号’为试验材料开展田间试验,测定5个施氮水平下生育期、产量及其构成因素并对种子品质进行分析。结果表明:随着施氮水平的增加,2个荞麦品种在产量和品质上均表现出先上升后下降的趋势,且在施氮量为90 kg/hm2时表现最佳。其中,苦荞‘黑丰1号’的株高、主茎分支数和主茎节数与对照相比显著(P<0.05)提高,分别增加了23.21%、15.63%、9.80%;甜荞‘六桥1号’分别提高了8.48%、15.29%、14.00%。与产量相关的构成要素也有大幅度的上升,90 kg/hm2施氮处理下为最高,产量表现也最高,且品种间产量差异较大。品质方面,90 kg/hm2处理增加了2个荞麦品种的蛋白质含量、淀粉含量、粗脂肪含量和总黄酮含量,显著(P<0.05)高于对照。因此,在本试验条件下,适宜的施氮量(90 kg/hm2)对荞麦的产量和品质有很好的促进作用,值得推广应用。
The aim is to study the effect of different nitrogen applications on the yield and quality of buckwheat,and screen the optimum fertilizer application amount in buckwheat planting in the eastern farming areas of Qinghai.Field experiments were conducted by using sweet buckwheat‘Liuqiao1’and tartary buckwheat‘Heifeng1’;the growth period,yield and the components of yield were detected under 5 nitrogen levels;meanwhile,the seed quality was also analyzed.The results showed that,with the increase of the nitrogen,the yield and quality of the two buckwheat varieties first increased and then decreased;the best performance appeared when the nitrogen was 90 kg/hm2.For tartary buckwheat‘Heifeng1’,the plant height,the number of main stem brunches and the number of main stem nodes were significantly higher compared with CK(P<0.05),increasing by 23.21%,15.63%,9.80%respectively;while those of sweet buckwheat‘Liuqiao1’increased by 8.48%,15.29%and 14%respectively.Also,the components related to the yield increased greatly,the yield performance was the best when the nitrogen application was 90 kg/hm2,the yield was also the highest,and the differences of yield among varieties were relatively large.In quality,the 90 kg/hm2 treatment increased the protein content,starch content,crude fat content and flavone content of the two buckwheat varieties,which was significantly higher than that of CK.Therefore,under the experimental conditions,the nitrogen 90 kg/hm2 treatment has a good promoting effect on the yield and quality of buckwheat,and it is worth popularizing and applying.
作者
马祥
魏小星
刘勇
刘文辉
张永超
贾志锋
Ma Xiang;Wei Xiaoxing;Liu Yong;Liu Wenhui;Zhang Yongchao;Jia Zhifeng(Qinghai University(Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine),Xining 810016;Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau/Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Xining 810016)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2019年第25期16-20,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
青海省科技计划项目“青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室”(2017-ZJ-Y12)
青海省科技计划项目“高寒区饲用燕麦品种提纯复壮和三级繁育体系建立”(2017-NK-113)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助“国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系海东综合试验站”(CARS-07)
关键词
荞麦
产量
品质
buckwheat
yield
quality
