摘要
"写""抄"二字用于书写行为分别是汉代和晋代以后的事。在传世文献中,汉唐时期,很少用"抄本",常用"写本",但"写本"并非书籍的名词性代称,而是动宾形式——"抄写文本"之意。宋以后,"抄本"与"写本"被当作书籍的名词性代称。晚清之前,同一本书中,"抄本""写本"不会混用。将"抄本"和"写本"混用在同一本书中,是近现代的事情,主要出现于文献学、书籍史、出版史领域中。汉唐出版史研究宜采用"抄本"概念。首先,无论是传世文献还是当前学界,对"写本""抄本"均无明确界定,不同学科都是根据自己的需要,在大致通约的框架内使用这两个术语,出版史界当然可以依据自己的学科需要确立概念。其次,"写本""抄本"相比,"抄本"更为强调复制因素,因此也更为契合"出版"概念。最后,考虑到中西方的对比融通,就需要挑选一些既属中国自有,又能与西方出版史、书籍史对接的概念,这样,才能真正让中国出版史成为世界出版史的一部分,而非自说自话,以"抄本"来概括汉唐书籍,在一定意义上或可看作与国际学界接轨之需要。
It is after the Han Dynasty and Jin Dynasty that' Xie' and' Chao',two typical Chinese characters,are used for describing the behavior of duplicating the books.In the literature from the Han to Tang Dynasties,' Chao Ben' is rarely used,and' Xie Ben'is not a substitution of' book',but means'Duplicate a book'.After the Song Dynasty,'Chao Ben'and' Xie Ben' are used as a substitution of' books'.In the literature before the late Qing Dynasty,these two terms would not be mixed up in the same one book.It is in the modern time that' Chao Ben' and' Xie Ben' are mixed up,especially in the field of philology,book history and publishing history.This paper points out that in the research of publishing history from Han to Tang dynasties,it would be better if we adopt' Chao Ben'(manuscript)as a standard term.Firstly,whether it is in the classic literature or in the current academic literature,these two terms were not clearly defined.Different disciplines use them according to their own needs in the generally applicable framework.Therefore publishing history can certainly define the term according to its own discipline needs.Secondly,comparing with' Xie Ben',' Chao Ben'emphasizes more on duplication and is a more suitable term for the publishing history.Thirdly,it is easy for Chinese researchers to communicate with foreign scholars when they discuss the history of book since' Chao Ben' is a common term for translating the'manuscript',and easy to understand the books from Han to Tang Dynasties which produced before the invent of woodblock printing.
出处
《中国出版史研究》
2015年第1期98-114,共17页
Research on the History of Publishing in China
关键词
抄本
写本
出版史
书籍史
汉唐
Chao ben(manuscript)
Xie ben
book history
publishing history
Han to Tang dynasties
