摘要
目的 建立具有解剖基下颌的人体头部有限元模型。探讨此模型以不同速度正面撞击的响应过程 ,研究其损伤的生物力学机理。方法 根据人体下颌骨的螺旋CT扫描图像 ,利用三维重建、图像处理和网格划分技术 ,建立人体下颌骨的三维有限元模型 ,通过关节和经过修改的混合Ⅲ型假人头部模型相连接 ,建立活体下颌骨与混合Ⅲ型假人头结合的人体头部有限元模型。对下颌骨进行初步边界约束 ,模拟计算此模型以 3.6m/s和 10m/s速度撞击正前方刚体。结果 下颌骨以 3 6m/s速度撞击正前方刚体 ,下颌骨会以颞下颌关节为轴向后轻微滑动 ,因而应力上升过程中有一回落 ,此处为滑动力。应力沿下颌骨外斜线向升支和颞下颌关节传递 ,髁突及髁突颈部应力有明显集中 ;下颌骨以 10m/s速度撞击时 ,滑动力不明显 ,于第 4～ 5ms时应力回弹、反射明显导致应力叠加。活体下颌骨与混合Ⅲ型假人头结合 ,可对下颌骨进行边界约束。在喙突 (颞肌 )边界约束条件下 ,喙突应力亦有一定改变。结论 (1)髁突及髁突颈部相对于下颌骨体其骨结构的横截面积陡然减小 ,骨结构的横截面积陡然减小的区域出现应力集中 ;(2 )撞击过程中下颌骨以髁突为轴向后轻微滑动 ,造成此处较强的应力有集中 ;(3)应力回弹、反射导致应力叠加 ,,这是下颌骨撞击损伤的生?
Objective To analyze the biomechanics of impact injury in the condition of the simulate impact on mandible. Methods A finite element model of human mandible was developed from the CT scan images by the technologies of three-dimensional reconstruction, image processing and meshing. The mandible model was connected to a modified head model of HYBRIDⅢ dummy with joint according to the anatomic structure and mechanical characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Results A finite element model of human head with true anatomic structure mandible has been developed. This model has been validated with the cadaver test results. The higher stress was showed in the condyle rejoins and coracoid in the model when mandible was in impact simulation. Conclusions This model can be used to research the mechanism of craniofacial blunt-impact injury and assess the injury severity. The model of HYBRIDⅢ dummy with the human mandible was helpful for the boundary design of mandibular model in the impact simulations.
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第24期2166-2169,共4页
National Medical Journal of China
基金
首都医学发展科研基金资助项目 ( 2 0 0 2 3 0 91)
关键词
下颌骨
CT扫描图像
下颌损伤
生物力学
Mandible
Tomography Scamers, X-Ray computed
Mandibular injuries
Biomechanics
