摘要
采用柠檬酸提和木瓜蛋白酶解两步法从鳙鱼鱼鳞中连续提取胶原蛋白。采取正交实验方法对两步法工艺条件进行了优化,并与单一酸提和酶解工艺进行了比较。对酸提、酶解和酸提+酶解两步法制备的胶原蛋白样品进行了紫外和红外表征。结果表明,两步法中酸提最佳工艺条件为提取时间24 h、液固比15 mL/g、酸浓度0.5 mol/L、提取温度28℃,提取率9.25%;酶解最佳工艺条件为提取时间36 h、液固比20 mL/g、酶浓度2.0%、提取温度28℃,提取率56.23%。两步法总提取率65.48%,分别是单一酸提和酶解提取率的7.1倍和2.1倍。两步法胶原蛋白样品的紫外和红外谱图上的吸收峰位置与单一酸提和酶解的十分相似,均符合Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的基本特征。鱼鳞经一步酸提后发生溶胀,部分胶原交联键被打开,有利于下步酶解过程中酶分子与底物接触几率的提高,从而大幅度提高胶原蛋白的提取率,使酶解(两步法)的提取率(56.23%)比单一酶解法的提取率(31.20%)提高了80%,是一种高效的鱼鳞胶原蛋白的提取方法。
Two-step method of citric acid extraction and papain hydrolysis was used to extract collagen from bighead fish scales. The two-step method was optimized by orthogonal experiment and compared with single acid extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis. The collagen samples prepared by single acid extraction, single enzymatic hydrolysis and two-step method of acid extraction plus enzymatic hydrolysis were characterized by UV and IR. Results showed that in the two-step method, the optimum conditions of the acid extraction were: extracting time 24 h, liquid-solid ratio 15 mL/g, acid concentration 0.5 mol/L and extraction temperature 28 ℃, under which, the extraction rate was 9.25%. The optimum conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis were: extracting time 36 h, liquid-solid ratio 20 mL/g, enzyme concentration 2.0%,extraction temperature 28 ℃, under which the extraction rate was 56.23%. The total extraction rate of the two-step method was 65.48%, which was 7.1 times and 2.1 times of that of single-acid extraction and single enzymatic extraction, respectively. The absorption peaks of the collagen sample by twostep method appeared on the UV and IR spectra were very similar to those by single acid extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis, and were consistent with the basic characteristics of type Ⅰ collagen. The fish scales were swelled and part of the collagen cross-linking key was opened after acid extraction, which were conductive to increase the contact chances of enzyme molecules with substrate, greatly improved the extraction rate in the next step of enzymatic hydrolysis. The extraction rate of enzymatic extraction by the two-step method(56.23%)was increased by 80% compared with that of single enzyme hydrolysis(31.20%), meaning that the two-step method was a kind of very effective one for collagen extraction from fish scales.
作者
黄宇玫
李敏
曾芳
蒋柏泉
HUANG Yumei;LI Min;ZENG Fang;JIANG Boquan(College of Science and Technology,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330029;School of Resources,Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031)
出处
《食品科技》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第2期152-158,共7页
Food Science and Technology
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC04B02)
江西省教育厅科技研究项目(151507)
