摘要
通过对中日两国性向词汇的调查研究发现,中国人的词汇量远远超过日本人,呈现出中国人在对人评价词汇上更具能产性以及丰富多彩的使用特点。对于"能干的人"这一小项,中日两国既有共性又有差异。中国人的"劳模、榜样",日本人的「頑張り屋」(踏实肯干)等正面评价词汇,具有显著的差异。"能干的人"属于正面评价,但在中日两国的性向词汇中,均出现了为数不少的负面评价词汇,日语尤其突出,出现了由正面向负面转变的倾向,具有「下降性傾斜の原理」。这种负面评价的价值取向,构成了性向词汇的特色之一,凸显出中日两国文化中深层的"负性原理"。
This study focuses on gender-based phrases in Chinese and Japanese. It finds that Chinese people are far more proficient than their Japanese counterparts in terms of vocabulary size, productivity and variety. In a case study of the phrase“capable people”, Chinese and Japanese speakers display both similarities and differences. But significant differences can be found in the Chinese phrase“role model”or“good example”and the Japanese phrase“ganbariya”, which are all positive evaluations. Positive as the phrase“capable people”is, it is associated with a considerable number of negative evaluative phrases in both Chinese and Japanese,and especially in Japanese. This is a change from positive to negative, conforming to the principle of diminishing slant. Negative evaluations constitute a major feature of gender-based phrases, highlighting the negation principle lying deep in Chinese and Japanese cultures.
出处
《日语学习与研究》
2015年第1期38-47,共10页
Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research
关键词
负性原理
横向思维模式
勤劳意识
negation principle
horizontal thinking pattern
industriousness
