摘要
本文研究了中草药对凡纳滨对虾的生理功效和安全性评价。实验将基础饲料作为对照组饲料,在基础饲料中分别添加0.1%黄芪多糖、0.1%黄芪多糖+0.05%大蒜素、0.1%绿原酸、0.1%绿原酸+0.05%大蒜素作为四种实验组饲料(G1-G4),养殖凡纳滨对虾21d,再进行7d攻毒实验。结果表明:3种中草药配方对凡纳滨对虾血细胞数量、吞噬率、血浆抗菌活力和总抗氧化能力影响显著(P<0.05),而对照组无明显变化。G1、G2处理组对虾血细胞数量6d后显著高于对照组,G3、G4处理组与对照组无显著差异,各处理组血细胞吞噬率、血浆抗菌活力分别于10d、3d后显著高于对照组水平,除G1处理组外,各处理组血浆总抗氧化能力10d后显著高于对照组,之后各指标均保持稳定;攻毒7d后,各处理组对虾累积死亡率显著低于对照组,累积死亡率为G4<G2<G3<G1<对照组。各处理组血浆谷丙转氨酶(GTP)和谷草转氨酶(GOP)活性与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),G1、G2和G4处理组肝胰腺泡状细胞明显增多,其余与对照组组织结构类似,形态正常。由此可见,3种中草药配方对凡纳滨对虾免疫防御和抗氧化具有明显的增强作用,提高了对虾抵御病原菌能力,并对肝胰腺无毒副作用,以G4(0.1%绿原酸+0.05%大蒜素)配方效果最佳。
In this study, a feeding trial followed by a challenge test were performed to evaluate the effects of four herbal formulae(different combinations of Astragalus polysaccharides(APS), chlorogenic acid(CGA) and allicin) on the non-specific immune response and metabolic damage of Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were fed with five diets, one as the control(basal diet with no herbal formulae) and four herbal formula diets(G1-G4, basal diet supplemented with 0.1% APS, 0.1% APS + 0.05% allicin, 0.1% CGA, 0.1% CGA + 0. 05% allicin, respectively) for 21 days. After that, shrimp were challenged with Vibrio harveyi with the cumulative mortality of shrimp recorded for 7 days post challenge. The results showed that herbal formulae had significant effects on the non-specific immune indicators and disease resistance against V. harveyi. The total hemocyte count increased significantly in G1 and G2 after 6 days feeding, then tended to be stable after 10 days;the phagocytic capacity and antibacterial activity of G1 through G4 were significantly higher(P<0.05) than those of control after 10 days and 3 days feeding, respectively, then these two immune indicators were stable. The plasma total antioxidant capacity was significantly enhanced in G2 through G4 but not in G1. In addition, after 7 days challenge test, the cumulative mortality of shrimp each treatment group was significantly lower than that of control, and order of the cumulative mortality rate was G4<G2<G3<G1<control. Meanwhile, the effects of four herbal formulae on glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(GOT) were not obvious, and the histological difference of hepatopancreas was not significant among all groups. In conclusion, four herbal formulae, especially G4, helped to boost immunity and disease resistance of shrimp without metabolic damage to hepatopancreas.
作者
黄辉
潘鲁青
宋梦思
HUANG Hui;PAN Luqing;SONG Mengsi(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China)
出处
《海洋湖沼通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期146-153,共8页
Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology
基金
国家海洋公益性行业科研专项课题(201305005)资助
关键词
中草药
凡纳滨对虾
生理功效
安全评价
herbal formula
Litopenaeus vannamei
physiological effect
safety evaluation
