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云冈第9、10窟列柱风化程度环境磁学无损评价 被引量:4

Non-destructive evaluation of weathering degree of columns in No.9 and 10 cave of Yungang Grottoes with environmental magnetic meter
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摘要 岩石的风化程度定量评价及无损探测是治理石质文物风化病害的前提和要求。本文在定性观察的基础上,利用环境磁学便携式磁化率仪对云冈石窟风化砂岩现场进行风化程度的无损探测,提出了片状风化砂岩风化程度定量分级标准,并以云冈第9、10窟东列柱为对象进行了风化程度定量评价实践。认为云冈石窟片状风化砂岩风化程度可以分为5级:新鲜中粗砂岩,弱风化砂岩,中等风化砂岩,强风化砂岩和全风化砂岩。片状风化砂岩在风化过程中磁化率值具有先升高后降低的特征。云冈第9、10窟东列柱柱面朝向控制砂岩的风化程度,朝北柱面风化程度最小,属中等风化;朝东、西柱面风化程度为强风化;朝南柱面风化程度最大,属全风化,其主要受太阳辐射和雨水直接冲刷的影响。恢复修建保护性窟檐是延缓云冈第9、10窟列柱风化的最有效方法。 Quantitative evaluation and non-destructive detection of the weathering degree of rock is the prerequisite and demand to treat the stone relics weathering disease.Based on the qualitative observation,the weathering degree of sandstone of Yungang Grottoes is surveyed with portable magnetic susceptibility meter on site.A quantitative weathering grading standard of Yungang Grottoes is proposed.The quantitative evaluation of No.9 and 10 cave of Yungang Grottoes is carried out.The weathering degree of Yungang Grottoes sheet weathered sandstone can be divided into five grades,i.e.fresh,weak decomposed,medium decomposed,highly decomposed and completely decomposed.The magnetic susceptibility values of sheet weathered sandstone increas first and then decrease in the weathering process.The weathering degree of sandstone column of No.9 and 10 cave is controlled by the orientation.The weathering degree of north facing is medium decomposed which is the most slight,the east and west facing is highly decomposed,the south facing is completely decomposed which is mainly affected by the influence of solar radiation and rain erosion directly.The construction of a protective cave is the most effective measure to delay the weathering of the No.9 and 10 cave columns of Yungang Grottoes.
作者 任建光 黄继忠 孟田华 王旭升 胡翠凤 Ren Jianguang;Huang Jizhong;Meng Tianhua;Wang Xusheng;Hu Cuifeng(Yungang Grottoes Research Institute,Datong 037007,China;Institute of History and Tourism and Culture,Datong University of Shanxi,Datong 037009,China;Institute for Conservation of Cultural Heritage,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Institute of Physics and Electronic Sciences,Datong University of Shanxi,Datong 037009,China;School of Water Resources and Environment,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)
出处 《工程勘察》 2019年第7期73-78,共6页 Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying
基金 国家文物局文化遗产保护领域科学和技术研究课题(2013-YB-HT-012) 山西省科技攻关项目(20130313035-2) 山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D31014)
关键词 云冈石窟 风化程度 环境磁学 无损探测 Yungang Grottoes degree of weathering environmental magnetism non-destructive detection
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