摘要
广西种植的桂葡柚1号葡萄柚丰产、稳产性好,其果肉多汁、酸甜适宜。为了解其不同成熟度果肉成分差异,测定其不同成熟度果肉广泛靶向代谢组,筛选差异代谢物并进行代谢通路分析。结果显示:从桂葡柚1号中共检测到529种代谢物,其中黄酮159种,氨基酸及其衍生物和酚酸类各64种,其他类包含糖、醇类和维生素共53种,脂质51种,木脂素和香豆素40种,核苷酸及其衍生物34种,生物碱29种,有机酸28种,萜类5种,鞣质2种。不同成熟度果肉差异代谢物主要有黄酮、酚酸类、氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、木脂素和香豆素,且大多下调。随着果实成熟度上升,下调的酚酸、氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质等种类增加,且大部分呈持续下调趋势;大部分下调黄酮的相对含量在果实成熟初期大幅下降,到果实成熟后期又有增加趋势,下调黄酮种类先增加后减少,在果实成熟中期最多;辛弗林、亚精胺、甜菜苷、诺米林酸、(-)-莽草酸的相对含量持续降低;柠檬苦素的相对含量在果实成熟初期增加,在成熟中后期显著下调。在果实成熟初期,差异代谢物富集最显著的是类黄酮生物合成通路,但在整个成熟过程中,差异代谢物富集最显著的是苯丙烷生物合成通路。G2果实口感最佳,可溶性固形物达12%,固酸比为23.24,适宜鲜食,但该时期咖啡酸、阿魏酸等酚酸类物质,以及异槲皮苷、金丝桃苷等黄酮显著下降。研究表明,桂葡柚1号果肉代谢物种类多、营养和功能成分丰富,鲜食适宜采摘时间为10月下旬至12月上旬,用于保健或药用的果实应根据功效需求提前采摘。该研究为桂葡柚1号葡萄柚的营养及功能成分研究提供一定的理论基础,为不同用途的果实最佳采摘成熟度提供参考。
Grapefruit of Guipuyou No.1 planted in Guangxi has high and stable yield,and the flesh is juicy,suitably acidic and sweet.The widely targeted metabolisms of flesh was determined,the differential metabolites were screened and the metabolic pathway was analyzed to understand the difference of flesh composition at different maturity stages.A total of 529 metabolites were detected from grapefruit of Guipuyou No.1,including 159 flavonoids,64 Phenolic acids,64 amino acids and derivatives,53 others(saccharides and alcohols,vitamin,others),51 lipids,40 lignans and coumarins,34 nucleotides and derivatives,29 alkaloids,28 organic acids,5 terpenoids and 2 tannins.The differential metabolites at different maturity stages mainly included flavonoids,phenolic acids,amino acids and their derivatives,lipids,lignans and coumarins,and most of them were down-regulated.The down-regulated types of phenolic acids,amino acids and their derivatives,lipids and other types increased,and most of them showed a continuous downward trend with the increase of fruit ripeness.Most of the down-regulated flavonoids showed a sharp decline in the early stage of fruit ripen-ing,and then increased in the late stage of fruit ripening.The types of down-regulated flavonoids first increased and then decreased,with the most in the middle stage of fruit ripening.The relative contents of synephrine,spermidine,be-taine,shikimic acid were consistently decreasing.The relative content of limonin increased in the early stage of fruit ripening,and decreased significantly in the middle and late stage of fruit ripening.The most significant enrichment pathway of differential metabolites was flavonoid biosynthesis in the early stage of fruit ripening,but it was phenyl-propanoid biosynthesis during the whole ripening process.The fruit of G2 had the best taste,with soluble solids of 12%and solid-acid ratio of 23.24,which was suitable for fresh eating.However,phenolic acids such as caffeic acid and fer-ulic acid,flavonoids such as isoquercitrin and hyperoside decreased si
作者
刘福平
廖惠红
王茜
陈东奎
韦持章
黄宏明
黄其椿
汪妮娜
LIU Fuping;LIAO Huihong;WANG Xi;CHEN Dongkui;WEI Chizhang;HUANG Hongming;HUANG Qichun;WANG Nina(Horticulture Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Nanning South Subtropical Fruit Tree Scientific Observation Experimental Station,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Germplasm Resources Observation Experiment Station in Wuming/Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Citrus Huanglongbing Prevention and Control,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期2487-2499,共13页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB18294036)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT051)
广西特色作物试验站——容县沙田柚试验站项目(No.TS202122)。
关键词
桂葡柚1号
成熟度
代谢组学
果肉成分
果实品质
grapefruit of Guipuyou No.1
maturity
metabolomic
fruit compounds
fruit quality
