摘要
为探究柚果实生长过程中生物活性成分的动态变化规律,选取了西南地区6种特色柚果(东风早柚、琯溪蜜柚、长寿沙田柚、梁平柚、龙安柚和丰都红心柚),利用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱技术,靶向筛查和定量分析了5个成熟期、3个重要部位(外皮层、内皮层和果肉)中主要活性成分。结果表明,6~11月期间,在6个品种柚果实中共筛查出72种活性成分,包括34种类黄酮,8种酚酸、3种类柠檬苦素、5种生物碱和22种香豆素。对筛查出的活性成分进行了定量分析,共计26种,包括11种类黄酮(柚皮苷、维采宁-2和野漆树苷为主)、8种香豆素(橙皮内酯水合物、橙皮内酯、橙皮油素、6′,7′-二羟基香柠檬亭、6′,7′-环氧香柠檬亭为主)、4种酚酸(香草酸、对香豆酸、阿魏酸为主)和3种类柠檬苦素(柠檬苦素和诺米林为主)。随着成熟度的增加,外皮层和内皮层的柚皮苷含量均呈现先升高后降低趋势,且在生长膨大期达到最大值,果肉的柚皮苷和3个部位的维采宁-2和野漆树苷整体呈现下降趋势。较果肉,柚果实外皮层和内皮层有更丰富的香豆素,3个部位的香豆素含量随着成熟度大多呈现下降趋势。3个部位的类柠檬苦素含量随着成熟期均呈现降低的趋势,大多在膨大期附近达到最高值。该研究结果明确了柚果果实不同成熟期的生物活性成分差异,为柚果功能食品的开发、品种选育及深加工领域提供可靠的数据支撑。
To explore the dynamic changes of bioactive components during the development of pomelo fruit,six kinds of characteristic pomelo(Dongfengzao pomelo,Guanxi honey pomelo,Changshou Shatian pomelo,Liangping pomelo,Long’an pomelo,and Fengdu Hongxin pomelo)in Southwest China were selected,and the main secondary metabolites in three important parts(flalbedo,albedo,and pulp)at the five mature stages were screened and quantitatively analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS).Results showed that 72 kinds of active components were screened from 6 varieties of pomelo fruits from June to November,including 34 kinds of flavonoids,8 kinds of phenolic acids,3 kinds of limonoids,5 kinds of alkaloids,and 22 kinds of coumarins.Quantitative analysis was carried out on the screened active components,a total of 26 kinds,including 11 kinds of flavonoids(mainly naringin,vicenin-2,and rhoifolin),8 kinds of coumarins(mainly hesperidone hydrate,hesperidone,hesperidin,6′,7′-dihydroxybergamottin,and 6′,7′-epoxybergamottin),4 kinds of phenolic acids(mainly vanillic acid,p-coumaric acid,and ferulic acid)and 3 kinds of limonoids(mainly limonin and nomirin).With the extension of maturity,naringin in the flalbedo and albedo increased first and then decreased,and reached the maximum value during the growth and expansion period.The naringin in the pulp,vicenin-2 and rhoifolin in the three parts,as a whole,showed a downward trend.Compared with pulp,pomelo fruit had more abundant coumarin in the flalbedo and albedo,and the coumarin content in three parts mostly showed a downward trend with maturity.The content of limonoids in the three parts decreased with maturity and reached the highest value near the expansion stage.The results of this study clarified the differences in bioactive components of pomelo fruits at different mature stages,providing reliable data support for the development,variety breeding and deep processing of functional food of pomelo fruits.
作者
张耀海
张念
王成秋
李晶
赵希娟
焦必宁
ZHANG Yaohai;ZHANG Nian;WANG Chengqiu;LI Jing;ZHAO Xijuan;JIAO Bining(Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University&Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 400712,China;Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chongqing 400712,China;Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chongqing 400712,China;Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chongqing 400712,China;National Citrus Engineering Research Center,Chongqing 400712,China)
出处
《食品与发酵工业》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第15期279-287,共9页
Food and Fermentation Industries
基金
重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(cstc2021jscx-lyjsAX0007)
农业农村部现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26)
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1605604)。
关键词
柚
成熟期
生物活性成分
靶向筛查
超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱
pomelo
maturity
bioactive components
targeted screening
ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS)
