摘要
蒸散发和土壤入渗作为降雨水循环的基本环节,在区域水文特征和水资源利用中起着极其重要的作用。本文以赵述岛作为研究区域,基于PM(Penman-Monteith)公式和SEBAL(surface energy balance algorithm for land)公式分别估算植被区潜在蒸散发量和非植被区实际蒸发量,同时构建BP(backpropagation)神经网络模型模拟岛礁植被区的潜在蒸散发量和非植被区的实际蒸发量,基于Kostiakov入渗模型和降水下渗过程特征模拟沙滩和裸土的降雨入渗量。结果表明,两种蒸散发量模拟模型的决定系数(R2)均高于0.85,模型有效性指数(efficiencyindex,EF)均高于0.85。一年中赵述岛5月份各地类的日均蒸散发量最高,12月份最低,植被区潜在蒸散发量月变化最为明显。在土壤含砂量高地区,Kostiakov入渗模型的R^(2)普遍大于0.85。赵述岛土壤稳渗率约为0.33cm·min^(-1),多年降雨数据显示研究区雨强基本小于稳渗率,故降雨至地表基本全部下渗,且旱季和雨季降雨入渗量差距明显。本研究为实测数据缺乏的南海岛礁蒸散发量和降雨入渗量模拟提供了可行方案,并为构建岛礁降水循环过程提供数据支撑。
Evapotranspiration and soil infiltration,as the basic links in the rainfall water cycle,play an extremely important role in regional hydrological characteristics and water resource utilization.This study takes the Zhaoshu Island as the study area to estimate the potential evapotranspiration in vegetation areas and the actual evaporation in non-vegetation areas based on PM(PenmanMonteith) formula and SEBAL(surface energy balance algorithm for land) formula,respectively,construct a BP(back propagation)neural network model to simulate the potential evapotranspiration in vegetation areas and the actual evaporation in non-vegetation areas of the island,and simulate rainfall infiltration in beaches and bare soil based on the Kostiakov infiltration model and characteristics of precipitation infiltration process.The results show that the determination coefficients(R^(2)) of the two evapotranspiration simulation models are higher than 0.85,and the model efficiency index(EF) are higher than 0.85.The average daily evapotranspiration of each land cover types on the Zhaoshu Island is the highest in May and the lowest in December of a year.The monthly change of potential evapotranspiration in the vegetation area is the most obvious.In areas with high soil sand content,the R2 of the Kostiakov infiltration model is generally larger than 0.85.The steady infiltration rate of soil in the Zhaoshu Island is about 0.33 cm·min^(-1).Multi-year rainfall data shows that the rainfall intensity in the study area is basically less than the steady infiltration rate,so the rainfall to the ground basically all infiltrates,and the rainfall infiltration in the dry season and the rainy season is significantly different.This study provides a feasible solution for the simulation of evapotranspiration and rainfall infiltration in the South China Sea islands where there is a lack of measured data,and provides data support for the construction of the island precipitation cycle.
作者
赵勇竹
闫金凤
刘蓓
朱江
ZHAO Yongzhu;YAN Jinfeng;LIU Bei;ZHU Jiang(College of Geodesy and Geomatics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)
出处
《热带海洋学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期37-49,共13页
Journal of Tropical Oceanography
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3103103)。
关键词
蒸散发量
BP神经网络
入渗模型
降雨入渗
evapotranspiration
BP neural network
infiltration model
rainfall infiltration
