摘要
[目的]探究晋西黄土高原残塬沟壑区长期不同植被恢复类型对土壤表层入渗与水分储量差异的影响,为未来筛选和增强黄土高原地区天然植被恢复以及人工植被恢复的生态效益评估提供科学参考。[方法]以黄土残塬沟壑区典型的4种植被恢复类型(油松纯林、刺槐纯林、侧柏纯林、天然林)为研究对象,测定4种植被恢复类型下表层30 cm内土壤入渗过程,同时测定土壤容重、机械组成等土壤理化性质,并且监测土壤水分动态变化,核算土壤水分储量并进行差异性、相关性和主成分分析,最后通过3种土壤入渗模型对实测过程进行拟合比较得出其在黄土残塬沟壑地植被恢复区域内的适宜性,对比不同植被恢复类型之间土壤入渗过程及储水量的差异,补充并完善黄土高原地区不同植被恢复类型下的表层土壤水分入渗规律。[结果]①天然林相较于人工纯林对0—30 cm表层土壤物理性质改善效果更为明显,天然林表层土壤的水分含量较多且保水性较好,人工林相较于天然林对研究区土壤入渗能力改善效果更佳;②在不同植被类型下土壤的稳定入渗速率从大到小表现为:天然林>刺槐纯林>油松纯林>侧柏纯林(0—10 cm),油松纯林>刺槐纯林>侧柏纯林>天然林(10—20 cm),油松纯林>刺槐纯林>侧柏纯林>天然林(20—30 cm);③Horton模型对研究区土体入渗拟合效果相较于Kostiakov模型和Philip模型表现更优(R 2=0.94)更适用于描述研究区的土壤入渗规律;④影响土壤入渗速率的主要物理特征为土壤容重(BD)、土壤有机质(SOC)、土壤储水量(SWS)、土壤黏粒含量。[结论]不同长期植被恢复类型下的土壤入渗性质具有显著性差异,长期天然林相较于长期人工林其植被恢复效益更大,更能有效改善黄土高原的土壤质量,提升土壤保水性能。
[Objective]The effects of different long-term vegetation restoration types on differences of soil surface infiltration and water storage in the loess gully region of Western Shanxi Province were studied in order to screen and enhance the ecological benefits of natural vegetation restoration as well as artificial vegetation restoration in Loess Plateau in the future,thereby providing a scientific reference for an in-depth understanding of the ecological benefits of vegetation restoration.[Methods]We measured infiltration in the top 30 cm of soil under four types of restored vegetation(Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest,Robinia pseudoacacia pure forest,Platycladus orientalis pure forest,natural forest).We also measured soil physical and chemical properties such as soil bulk density and mechanical composition,and monitored soil moisture dynamics in the four types of restored vegetation in the loess hilly-gully region.We calculated soil water storage and analyzed differences due to vegetation type,and conducted correlation analysis and principal component analysis.Three soil infiltration models were then fitted to the measured processes in order to compare their suitability for use in vegetation restoration areas of the loess hilly-gully region.Differences in soil infiltration and water storage between different vegetation restoration types were also determined.We also evaluated the ability of the models to supplement and improve the surface soil water infiltration pattern under different vegetation restoration types in the Loess Plateau region.[Results]①Natural forest was more effective in improving the physical properties of the 0—30 cm surface soil compared with pure planted forests.Natural forest had greater water content and better water retention,and planted forests were more effective in improving the infiltration capacity of the soil in the study area compared with natural forest.②The stable infiltration rate of soil under different vegetation types from largest to smallest followed the order of natural fo
作者
刘茜茹
冯天骄
王平
张羽飞
熊瑛楠
高琦
白杨
Liu Xiru;Feng Tianjiao;Wang Ping;Zhang Yufei;Xiong Yingnan;Gao Qi;Bai Yang(College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Jixian Forest Ecosystem National Field Observation and Research Station,Jixian,Shanxi 042200,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期50-59,共10页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费“黄土高原长期人工林恢复对生态系统土壤持水功能的影响”(BLX202005)
国家自然科学基金项目(41901021,52179056)。
关键词
植被恢复
土壤入渗
土壤理化性质
入渗模型
黄土高原
vegetation restoration
soil water infiltration
soil physical and chemical properties
infiltration model
Loess Plateau
