摘要
大汶河流域是黄河流域下游重要的子流域,为进一步认知流域内水文要素时空分布特征,为该流域的高质量发展提供技术参考。本文通过建立流域SWAT模型,采用戴村坝站、大汶口站和北望站的逐月实测径流进行模型参数率定,对流域内径流量、降水、潜在蒸散发、实际蒸散发、地表径流深及基流这六个水文要素从时间与空间尺度进行定量分析与评价。结果表明,戴村坝、大汶口和北望三站在率定期评价指标R2与NS均大于0.7;验证期R2与NS均大于0.9。时间上,各水文要素在2008~2018年间年际波动较大,潜在蒸散发量以9.52 mm/a的速度显著上升,实际蒸散发量以1.82 mm/a的速度缓慢下降,地表径流深和基流量以5.59 mm/a和5.75 mm/a的速度上升;2009年和2017年,实际蒸散发、地表径流深和基流均出现突变情况,突变点位于95%置信区间内,突变趋势显著。空间上,流域西部降水量为465 mm~515 mm,中东部降水量为565 mm~665 mm,呈自东向西递减的空间格局;流域实际蒸散发量与降水空间相关系数0.41,呈正相关关系,受降水影响出现323 mm~366 mm的西部低蒸发区域;流域地表径流深同时受降水的正向作用与蒸发的负向作用,空间相关系数分别为0.2与-0.2,空间分布趋势不显著。流域水文要素在时空上均表现出不均匀性,各水文要素共同作用于流域水文循环过程,影响着流域水资源的演变。
DaWen River Basin is an important sub-basin in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin.The study aims to further understand the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of hydrological elements within the basin and provide technical references for its high-quality development.A basin SWAT model is established using monthly measured runoff data from Daicunba Station,Dawenkou Station,and Beiwang Station for model parameter calibration.Six hydrological elements including runoff,precipitation,potential evapotranspiration,actual evapotranspiration,surface runoff depth,and base flow are quantitatively analyzed and evaluated in terms of time and space scales.The results show that during the calibration period,evaluation indicators R2 and NS at Daicunba,Dawenkoui,and Beiwang stations are all greater than 0.7,while during the validation period,they are all greater than 0.9.Temporally,each hydrological element exhibits significant interannual fluctuations from 2008 to 2018.Spatially,precipitation decreases gradually from east to west,with precipitation in the western part of the basin ranging from 465 mm to 515 mm,and in the central and eastern parts ranging from 565mm to 665 mm.The spatial correlation coefficient between actual evapotranspiration and precipitation is 0.41,indicating a positive correlation,leading to a western low evaporation area of 323 mm to 366 mm influenced by precipitation.The spatial distribution trend of surface runoff depth is not significant,with spatial correlation coefficients of 0.2 and-0.2 for precipitation and evaporation,respectively.Overall,the hydrological elements of the basin all show inhomogeneity in time and space,and the hydrological elements work together on the hydrological cycle process of the basin and affect the evolution of water resources in the basin.
作者
雒艳玲
乔新贺
徐植信
周守平
王刚
LUO Yan-ling;QIAO Xin-he;XU zhi-xin;ZHOU Shou-ping;WANG Gang(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China;Water Transfer Project Operation and Maintenance Center of Shandong Province,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
北大核心
2024年第4期613-626,共14页
Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition
基金
山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR202102220203)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41202174)。
关键词
径流模拟
水文要素
大汶河流域
时空分布
Runoff simulation
hydrological elements
Dawen River basin
spatial and temporal distribution
