摘要
“一再”与“再三”是现代汉语中的一对近义词,两者的意义接近,但在感情色彩方面存在明显差异。本文指出“一再”与“再三”的句法语义差别可以从“及物性”角度获得统一解释,其中“一再”所在小句具有低及物性,“再三”所在小句具有高及物性。两者的及物性等级不同,会带来明显不同的语用效应,并衍生出不同的立场表达功能。其中,复句关系所构成的话语环境差异是形成“一再”与“再三”立场功能对立的直接诱因。“一再”优势分布的转折复句与反预期具有天然关联,而反预期又与负面立场密切相关。本文的研究表明,负面立场的规约化动因可以追溯至词语的句法语义特征,语义与语用在负面立场的规约化过程中存在密切互动关联。
Yizai and zaisan are a pair of synonyms with significant differences in emotional readings in modern Chinese.This paper starts with the syntactic and semantic characteristics of yizai and zaisan,and points out that the syntactic and semantic differences between the two can be uniformly explained from the perspective of transitivity,in which the clause with yizai has low transitivity and that with zaisan high transitivity.Their different transitivity levels will bring about obvious pragmatic effects,thus deriving different discourse stances,and the difference of discourse environment formed by the complex sentence relationship is the direct cause of them.The adversative complex sentence,in which yizai is dominantly distributed,is naturally related to counter-expectation,and counter-expectation is closely related to a negative stance.This study shows that the conventionalization of negative stances can be traced back to the syntactic and semantic features of words,and there is a close interaction between semantics and pragmatics in the conventionalization of negative stances.
出处
《汉语学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第4期68-79,共12页
Chinese Linguistics
基金
2023年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“量化表达的多维语义及其关联衍生机制研究”(编号:23YJC740056)的资助。
