摘要
目的:从个体、家庭和社区角度,分析社会资本对社区不同居住时长老年人生命质量的影响,为提升老年人健康水平提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,纳入成都市社区居住时长多于10年的原居老年人1205名和居住时间不超过10年的新迁老年人766名,采用生命质量SF-12量表和自编社会资本量表进行问卷调查。通过描述性统计分析、单因素检验和二分类Logistic回归模型分析社会资本、社区居住时间及各混杂因素对老年人生命质量的影响。结果:新迁老年人的生理健康得分高于原居老年人(χ^(2)=88.684,P<0.05),心理健康得分低于原居老年人(χ^(2)=39.722,P<0.05);新迁老年人总体社会资本(χ^(2)=14.685,P<0.05)、社区社会资本(χ^(2)=8.097,P<0.05)低于原居老年人,而家庭资本高于原居老年人(χ^(2)=48.737,P<0.05),二者个体资本差距无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.790,P>0.05);社区原居和新迁两类老年人的个体(ORPCS=1.320,95%CI:1.080~1.613;ORMCS=1.319,95%CI:1.088~1.600)、家庭(ORMCS=1.696,95%CI:1.402~2.052)、社区社会资本越高(ORPCS=1.310,95%CI:1.077~1.594;ORMCS=1.363,95%CI:1.128~1.647),其生命质量也越好。结论:社会资本对社区老年人的生命质量具有正向影响,可以通过组织家庭建设活动、介入老年教育力量、发展志愿者群体为社区原居老年人充实家庭资本,借助社群平台活动开展、社区事务处理公共空间搭建提升社区新迁老人社区资本,从而促进积极老龄化的实现。
Objective To analyze the influence of social capital on the quality of life of elderly individuals residing in commu-nities with different tenures,from individuals,families,and the community,so as to provide valuable references for improving the health of elderly residents.Methods 1,205 elderly individuals who had resided in Chengdu communities for over 10 years(Origi-nal Residents)and 766 elderly individuals who had relocated within the last 10 years(New Migrants)were sampled by a multi-stage,stratified cluster sampling method,and conducted a questionnaire survey of SF-12 quality of life scale and a self-devel-oped social capital scale.Descriptive statistical analysis,one-way analysis of variance,and binary logistic regression models were adopted to analyze the impact of social capital,community tenure,and various confounding factors on the quality of life for the elderly.Results New migrant elderly individuals showed better physical health,but poorer mental health compared to original resident elderly individuals.The overall and community-related social capital of new migrants were lower than those of original residents,while their family capital was higher,and the difference in individual capital between these two groups was not signifi-cant.Higher levels of personal,family,and community social capital were associated with better quality of life for both original and new migrant elderly individuals.Conclusion Social capital has a positive impact on the quality of life for elderly residents in communities.It is suggested to enrich family capital of original community elderly residents by family construction,elderly educa-tion and volunteer,and improve the community capital of new community elderly residents by public platforms,which can promote the realization of active aging.
作者
张琬佳
刘烜
高博
刘祥
陈钧涵
谢雨岑
祝欢
Zhang Wanjia(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,P.R.China)
出处
《中国卫生事业管理》
北大核心
2024年第8期851-855,922,共6页
Chinese Health Service Management
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金“城乡统筹背景下的城市新移民社会资本网络构建及其对健康的作用机理研究”(71603176)。
关键词
社会资本
生命质量
居住时间
社区
老年人
social capital
quality of life
duration of residence
community
old people
