摘要
缅甸罗兴亚人问题因为族际治理失控而引发国际难民危机,且在缅甸政治转型后从周期性爆发到不断呈现长期化趋势。实际上,国际组织介入罗兴亚人问题,本身也成为问题的一部分。国际组织为了增强对罗兴亚人问题的回应性,其遵循的人权、民主、反种族灭绝或反军人等不同价值规范不断扩散组合,形成规范集群与议程不可分的制度失范局面。原本用以应对罗兴亚人问题的族际治理、人道主义规范被挟持,陷入形式主义、特权与利益嵌入等官僚弊端多重滋生的困境。缅甸转型后,尤其是2012年危机后,联合国为首的国际组织对罗兴亚人问题的参与显著增多,但其回应性未增长的同时专业性也在流失。各国际组织在罗兴亚人问题上受难民“拒绝遣返”的利益链和道德一法律-政治规范的挟持,呈现群体性失语的状态。
The Rohingya issue in Myanmar has triggered an international refugee crisis due to the lack of control of inter-ethnic governance,and has shown a long-term trend from its past periodic outbreaks after Myanmar's political transformation.Indeed,the involvement of international organizations in the Rohingya issue has itself become part of the problem.In order to enhance the responsiveness of international organizations to the Rohingya issue,their different value norms such as human rights,democracy,anti-genocide or anti-military have been diffused and combined,leading to a situation of institutional dysfunction in which normative clusters and agendas are inseparable.The inter-ethnic governance and humanitarian norms that were originally intended to solve the Rohingya issue have been hijacked and trapped in the predicament of multiple bureaucratic abuses such as formalism,privilege and the embedded interests.After Myanmar's political transition,and especially after the 2012 crisis,the involvement of international organizations led by the United Nations in the Rohingya issue has increased significantly,but its responsiveness has not increased,and its professionalism has also lost.On the Rohingya issue,international organizations are held hostage by the interest chain of refugees'"refusal to return"as well as moral,legal and political norms,and are in a state of collective paralysis.
出处
《世界民族》
北大核心
2024年第4期95-111,共17页
Journal of World Peoples Studies
基金
2023年国家社科基金青年项目“东南亚国家代际政治对我国周边安全影响及对策研究”(23CGJ042)的阶段性成果。
关键词
规范集群
国际组织
国际官僚
官僚主义
罗兴亚人问题
Normative clusters
International organizations
International bureaucrats
Bureaucratism
the Rohingya issues
