摘要
目的探究不同身体活动水平对中国老年人失能情况的影响,为老年人失能的预防和干预提供科学依据。方法利用中国健康与养老全国追踪调查2018年数据,采用横断面研究方法,纳入7349个有效样本,统计分析老年人身体活动水平和失能情况。采用Stata 15.0进行χ2检验、多元logistic和多因素logistic回归分析。结果中国老年人轻度失能率为22%、中度失能率为7%、重度失能率为4%。多元logistic回归分析结果显示,与低身体活动水平相比,中等身体活动水平(OR=0.459,95%CI:0.396~0.532)和高身体活动水平(OR=0.316,95%CI:0.276~0.363)总体失能发生风险降低;中等身体活动水平(OR=0.707,95%CI:0.593~0.843)和高身体活动水平(OR=0.522,95%CI:0.443~0.616)轻度失能发生风险降低;中等身体活动水平(OR=0.371,95%CI:0.290~0.414)和高身体活动水平(OR=0.212,95%CI:0.168~0.269)中度失能发生风险降低;中等身体活动水平(OR=0.138,95%CI:0.102~0.186)和高身体活动水平(OR=0.078,95%CI:0.058~0.104)重度失能发生风险均降低。分层分析结果显示,与低身体活动水平相比,中高身体活动水平对于女性(OR=0.344,95%CI:0.286~0.414)、小学及以下(OR=0.327,95%CI:0.275~0.389)和中学及以上(OR=0.365,95%CI:0.267~0.498)文化程度、年龄≥80岁(OR=0.243,95%CI:0.154~0.383)、居住地为城市(OR=0.237,95%CI:0.169~0.334)、已婚(OR=0.348,95%CI:0.293~0.413)、慢性病数量≥3(OR=0.292,95%CI:0.136~0.625)、吸烟(OR=0.349,95%CI:0.285~0.428)和饮酒(OR=0.338,95%CI:0.292~0.391)的老年人失能风险降低的作用更大。结论低身体活动水平的老年人更可能发生失能,中高身体活动有助于降低老年人的失能风险。建议重视身体活动对老年人失能预防的有益作用,普及健康运动知识,积极引导老年人提高身体活动水平。
Objective To explore the effects of different physical activity levels on the disability of the elderly in China,and provide the scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of the disability in Chinese elderly.Methods Based on the data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS)in 2018,the cross-sectional analysis method was used to analyze the physical activity level and disability among the elderly by including 7349 valid samples.Theχ2 test and multi-factor logistic regression were used to analyze the data.The used software was Stata 15.0.Results The mild disability rate was 22%,moderate disability rate was 7%,severe disability rate was 4%in Chinese elderly.The results of multiple logistic regression showed that as compared to low physical activity level,moderate physical activity level(OR=0.459,95%CI:0.396-0.532)and high physical activity level(OR=0.316,95%CI:0.276~0.363)had low risk of total disability;moderate physical activity level(OR=0.707,95%CI:0.593-0.843)and high physical activity level(OR=0.522,95%CI:0.443-0.616)had low risk of mild disability;moderate physical activity level(OR=0.371,95%CI:0.290-0.414)and high physical activity level(OR=0.212,95%CI:0.168-0.269)had low risk of moderate disability;moderate physical activity level(OR=0.138,95%CI:0.102-0.189)and high physical activity level(OR=0.078,95%CI:0.058-0.104)had low risk of severe disability.Results of the stratified analysis showed that as compared to low physical activity level,moderate and high physical activity levels played the big role for reducing the risk of disability in elderly with female(OR=0.344,95%CI:0.286-0.414),education level≤primary school(OR=0.327,95%CI:0.275-0.389),education level≥middle school(OR=0.365,95%CI:0.267-0.498),age≥80 years old(OR=0.243,95%CI:0.154-0.383),urban area(OR=0.237,95%CI:0.169-0.334),married(OR=0.348,95%CI:0.293-0.413),number of chronic diseases≥3(OR=0.292,95%CI:0.136-0.625),smoking(OR=0.349,95%CI:0.285-0.428),drinking(OR=0.338,95%CI:0.292-0.391).Conclusion Elderly wit
作者
马仁涛
王世强
郑华涛
赖雨
杨鄂
罗丹
MA Rentao;WANG Shiqiang;ZHENG Huatao;LAI Yu;YANG E;LUO Dan(Physical Education College of Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou,Hunan Province 412000,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Physical Health and Sports Fitness,Zhuzhou,Hunan Province 412000,China;不详)
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期332-336,342,共6页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
基金
国家社会科学基金(20CTY019)
湖南省教育厅科学研究青年项目(22B0560)。
关键词
老年人
身体活动
失能
中国健康与养老追踪调查
Elderly
Physical activity
Disability
China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey
