摘要
面对公司立体式发展而产生的权利扩张现象,2023年修订的《公司法》引入了股东双重代表诉讼规则,旨在解决子公司诉讼能力丧失问题并提供有效救济。当子公司遭受内部或外部侵害,子公司与母公司均不能或怠于起诉时,母公司股东可以提起双重代表诉讼。在双层制下需要向子公司的董事会或监事会履行前置程序,单层制下则由审计委员会替代监事会履行前置程序。当前的股东双重代表诉讼规则将母子公司的控制关系限定于直接或间接的全资母子公司,应当将其适度扩张至绝对控股母子公司及部分相对控股母子公司,并在前置程序中增加股东请求回复规则。同时,对于母子公司控制关系中隐藏的权利滥用问题,股东双重代表诉讼与其他公司法律规范存在衔接适用的空间,应当注重制度联动效应,以防止母公司及其控股股东滥用控制权或者母公司中小股东滥用诉权。
Faced with the phenomenon of the expansion of rights arising from the three-dimensional development of the company,the 2023 amendment to the Company Law introduced the rule of dual representation of shareholders,which is aimed at solving the problem of the subsidiary's incapacity for litigation and providing effective remedies.When a subsidiary suffers from internal or external infringement,and both the subsidiary and the parent company are unable or unwilling to file a lawsuit,the shareholders of the parent company can file a dual representation lawsuit.Under the two-tier system,the board of directors or the supervisory board of the subsidiary is required to perform the preliminary procedures,while under the single-tier system,the audit committee replaces the supervisory board to perform the preliminary procedures.The current dual representation litigation rules limit the control relationship of parent-subsidiary companies to direct or indirect wholly-owned parent-subsidiary companies,which should be moderately expanded to include absolutely-controlled parent-subsidiary companies and partially-relatively-controlled parent-subsidiary companies,and increase the rules of shareholders'request for reply in the preliminaries.At the same time,for the parent-subsidiary control relationship hidden in the abuse of rights,shareholders dual representation litigation and other corporate legal norms there is a convergence of the application of space,should pay attention to the system linkage effect,in order to prevent the parent company and its controlling shareholders abuse of the right of control or the parent company of the abuse of the right of small and medium-sized shareholders to sue.
作者
刘斌
梁樱子
LIU Bin;LIANG Yingzi(China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《西南政法大学学报》
2024年第3期80-97,共18页
Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law
关键词
股东双重代表诉讼
母子公司
前置程序
禁止权利滥用
shareholders double derivative suit
parent-subsidiary company
pre-procedure
prohibit abuse of rights
