摘要
2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)是一种由碳水化合物摄入与代谢不平衡导致的慢性代谢性疾病,是当前全球最难治疗的代谢性疾病之一。患者主要表现出高血糖、胰岛素分泌不足、胰岛素抵抗、多食多饮多尿等症状。T2DM常伴随着很多并发症如动脉粥样硬化、肾功能损伤、非酒精性脂肪性肝病等。胰高血糖素样肽-1(glucagon-like peptide-1,GLP-1)是一种由31个氨基酸组成的多肽,主要用于维持体内葡萄糖稳态和缓解T2DM,但是其半衰期较短,在体内很容易被降解。本文先介绍了益生菌及其对宿主体内GLP-1有调控作用的代谢产物,并介绍了GLP-1对T2DM的缓解作用,包括GLP-1与T2DM的联系、二甲双胍与GLP-1激动剂的临床应用、GLP-1对T2DM缓解作用的不足以及相关益生元对GLP-1含量的调控;最后介绍了益生菌及其代谢产物对GLP-1的调控机制,其中包括短链脂肪酸、胆汁酸、色氨酸及其衍生物和胞外多糖,以期为益生菌及其代谢产物调控宿主GLP-1的产生与释放,并对T2DM的缓解作用方面的研究提供一定的参考。
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),a chronic metabolic disease caused by an imbalance between carbohydrate intake and metabolism,is one of the most difficult metabolic diseases to treat worldwide.The main symptoms of T2DM include hyperglycemia,insufficient insulin secretion,insulin resistance,polydipsia and polyuria.T2DM is often accompanied by many complications such as atherosclerosis,renal function injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)is a polypeptide composed of 31 amino acids,which is mainly used to maintain glucose homeostasis in vivo and relieve T2DM.However,its half-life is short and it is easily degraded in vivo.This article introduces probiotics and their metabolites that regulate GLP-1 in the host,and also discusses the alleviative effect of GLP-1 on T2DM,including the association between GLP-1 and T2DM,the clinical application of metformin and GLP-1 agonists,the insufficiency of GLP-1 in alleviating T2DM and the regulation of the GLP-1 content by related prebiotics.Finally,the regulatory mechanisms of probiotics and their metabolites on GLP-1,including short-chain fatty acids,bile acids(BAs),tryptophan and its derivatives and extracellular polysaccharides,are summarized in order to provide some references for studies on the regulatory effects of probiotics and their metabolites on GLP-1 production and release in the host as well as their alleviative effects on T2DM.
作者
程之梁
张钰龙
杨涵
哈惠
王潆笛
陈菲菲
刘飞
焦月华
CHENG Zhiliang;ZHANG Yulong;YANG Han;HA Hui;WANG Yingdi;CHEN Feifei;LIU Fei;JIAO Yuehua(Key Laboratory of Dairy Science,Ministry of Education,College of Food Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Center of Drug Safety Evaluation,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期292-303,共12页
Food Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32101929)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072190)。
