摘要
对习惯国际法的政治目的研究是重构习惯国际法的核心要义。习惯国际法的普适性与发展中国家的崛起提升了习惯国际法重构的必要性。同时,习惯国际法在分配国际利益与塑造政治秩序中的功能被学理上的分类所掩盖。对习惯国际法的“形式渊源”与“实质渊源”的概念区分,可能淡化了后殖民时代习惯国际法形成中的政治意图,并忽视了思想、文化、价值观等“元概念”在习惯国际法中的表达。习惯国际法所体现的南北国家的利益冲突,不仅在于发展中国家难以在规则形成与话语权分配中占据主动,更在于无论是传统还是现代的习惯国际法的形成方式与程序,都很难关照发展中国家的法律诉求。对此,应建构一种以强调审慎理性,具备普遍司法公义,兼顾各国法律实践及以确信为基础的“后现代”习惯国际法,以消弭南北国家在习惯国际法形成规则与利益分配等方面的差距与矛盾。
The political purpose of customary international law lies on the core of reconstructing the customary international law.The universalities of customary international law and its promotion by the rising developing countries constitute the necessity of reconstructing of customary international law.Meanwhile,the function of customary international law in the distribution of international interests and the shaping of political order has been obscured by academic classifications.The distinction between“formal source”and“substantive source”of customary international law may have shrouded the political intentions in the formation of customary international law in the post-colonial era and overshadowed the expressions of some“meta-concepts”as ideas,cultures,and values in customary international law.The conflict of interests between Global North and Global South reflected in customary international law lies not only in the unequal discourse power distributions,but also in the ignorance of expression demand for the latter,which is obvious both in traditional and modern procedures of the formation of customary international law.Therefore,it is necessary to construct a“postmodern”customary international law based on the principle of prudence and rationality.It boasts universal judicial justice,and takes into considerations of legal practices and opinio juris of developing countries.By this,to narrow the gaps and contradictions between Global North and Global South in the formation of customary international law and the distribution of interests.
作者
钟燕慧
吴坚
Zhong Yanhui;Wu Jian(Center for Southeast Asian Studies,South China Nor-mal University;Chinese Language Education for Southeast Asia&Center for Southeast Asian Studies,South China Normal University)
出处
《开放时代》
北大核心
2024年第1期144-160,M0007,M0008,共19页
Open Times
关键词
习惯国际法
国际法渊源
政治意图
话语权分配
国际法律治理
customary international law
sources of international law
political purpose
discourse power distribution
international law as global governance
