摘要
食用菌已经成为我国继粮、油、果、蔬后的第五大种植业。食用菌作为一类大型真菌,目前主要采用纯培养技术进行栽培,然而在自然界中食用菌与各种微生物并存,并且在长期的演化中形成了复杂的相互关系,根据其对食用菌的影响,可分为有害微生物和有益微生物,常见的有害微生物包括竞争性杂菌和侵染性病原;有益微生物主要包括覆土微生物、伴生菌、生防类微生物等。在农作物生产中,人们根据土壤微生物和根际微生物的营养、促生、抗病等功能,开发出多种微生物肥料和菌剂,有效的推动了作物的优质高产,而食用菌在菌丝际微生物的研究和开发尚未起步。本文对目前关于食用菌和其他微生物之间相互关系的研究进展进行综述,旨在推动相关研究,为下一步食用菌新种类的驯化,以及高产、稳产、优质、高抗、广适和绿色生产提供新的思路。
Edible mushrooms have become the fifth largest cultivation industry in China after grain,oil,fruit and vegetables.Edible mushrooms,as a type of macrofungi,are mainly cultivated using pure culture technology at present.However,edible mushrooms coexist with various microorganisms in nature,and have formed a complex interrelationship in the long-term evolution.According to their impact on edible fungi,the microorganisms can be divided into harmful and beneficial microorganisms.The common harmful microorganisms include competitive microorganisms and infectious pathogens.The beneficial microorganisms mainly include casing microorganisms,companionate microorganisms,bio-controlling microorganisms,etc.In crop production,a variety of microbial fertilizers and microbial agent with nutritional,growth promoting,and disease resistant functions have been developed according to the interrelationship between plants and rhizosphere microorganisms,and have effectively promoted the quality and yield of crops.However,those studies and development of edible mushrooms in hyphosphere microorganisms are still in the early stages.This article briefly summarizes the current research progress on the interrelationship between edible mushrooms and other microorganisms,aiming to promote relevant research and to provide new ideas for the domestication of new species of edible mushrooms in the next step,as well as high yield,stable yield,high quality,high resistance,wide suitability and green production.
作者
崔嫚
邵改革
杨诺林
范庆昊
张金威
田雨
郑素月
张瑞颖
CUI Man;SHAO Gai-ge;YANG Nuo-lin;FAN Qing-hao;ZHANG Jin-wei;TIAN Yu;ZHENG Su-yue;ZHANG Rui-ying(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China,Beijing 100081;College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038;Xi'an Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Xi'an 710007)
出处
《生物技术通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期13-22,共10页
Biotechnology Bulletin
基金
国家食用菌产业技术体系(CARS-20-15)。
关键词
食用菌
微生物
竞争性杂菌
侵染性病原
伴生菌
覆土微生物
生防微生物
edible mushrooms
microorganism
competitive microorganism
infectious pathogen
companionate microorganisms
microorganism in casing soil
bio-controlling microorganism
