摘要
为了研究人工饲养梅花鹿在野外适应的情况,2020年5月—2021年7月采用红外相机技术对河南省济源市圈养野化梅花鹿进行了调查。采用公里网格的形式,安放了20台红外相机,共收获3334有效相机日,获取独立照片9669张。成年梅花鹿雌雄比为1.45。共记录到11种集群模式,单只雌体占总数的36.63%,单只雄性占总数的37.41%;多雌集群的比例达到9.07%;幼体单只占比4.92%。在携有幼体的情况中,以单只或多只雌体携幼为主,拍摄到371张独立有效照片,其余2种情况仅拍摄到69张照片。雌体携幼主要发生在夏季,而雄体携幼主要发生在冬季。梅花鹿的日活动节律呈双峰型,分别为06:00—08:00和16:00—18:00。冬季的梅花鹿日活动时间段为08:00—16:00,活动峰值在11:00—13:00。春-夏季的重叠系数最大(Δ=0.9350,P<0.01),其次是春-秋季(Δ=0.9134,P<0.01)、冬-春季(Δ=0.8785,P<0.01)和夏-秋季(Δ=0.8760,P<0.01),重叠系数最小的季节是夏-冬季(Δ=0.8214,P<0.01)。该研究基于无人为干扰的野外圈养条件下的调查记录,研究了野化梅花鹿的活动节律和集群行为,为梅花鹿下一步野外放归提供了技术基础。
In order to study the adaptation of captive sika deer in the wild,infrared camera technology was used to investigate the captive wild sika deer in Jiyuan City,Henan Province from May of 2020 to July of 2021.Twenty infrared cameras were placed in the form of kilometer grid,and a total of 3334 effective camera days and 9669 independent photos were obtained.The male-female ratio of adult sika deer was 1.45.A total of 11 cluster patterns were recorded,in which 36.63%were single females and 37.40%were single males.The proportion of polygyny cluster reached 9.06%.The second was single young deer,accounting for 4.92%.In the case of carrying juveniles,371 independent valid photos were taken,mainly by single or multiple females,while only 69 photos were taken in the other two cases.Young carrying by females mainly occurred in summer,while young carrying by males mainly occurred in winter.The diurnal activity rhythm of sika deer was bimodal,06:00-08:00 and 16:00-18:00 respectively.In winter,the dual activity period of sika deer was from 08:00 to 16:00,and the peak value occurred from 11:00 to 13:00.The results showed that the overlap coefficient in spring-summer was the largest(Δ=0.9350,P<0.001),followed by spring-autumn(Δ=0.9134,P<0.01)and winter-spring(Δ=0.8785,P<0.01)and summer-autumn(Δ=0.8760,P<0.01),summer-winter had the smallest overlap coefficient(Δ=0.8214,P<0.01).In this study,the activity rhythm and clustering behavior of wild sika deer were studied based on the investigation records of wild captive conditions without human interference,which provided the technical basis for the next step of wild release of sika deer.
作者
芦光
王贝爻
曹林
薛攀
时集体
王晓丽
LU Guang;WANG Bei-yao;CAO Lin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530005;State-owned Jiyuan Nanshan Forest Farm,Jiyuan,Henan 459000;State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture/Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101;College of Life Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101407;State-owned Yugong Forest Farm of Jiyuan City,Jiyuan,Henan 459000)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2024年第11期80-84,88,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
中央财政资金项目“河南南太行山水林田湖草生态保护修复试点工程(济源项目)”(2019-419001-48-01-042877)。
关键词
梅花鹿
红外相机技术
日活动节律
集群行为
Sika deer
Infrared camera technology
Daily activity rhythm
Clustering behavior
