摘要
【目的】研究雪茄烟叶蛋白提取及其水解产物的氨基酸组成和抗氧化活性,为烟叶蛋白资源的深度开发与利用提供理论依据和技术支撑。【方法】利用碱溶酸沉法提取雪茄烟叶蛋白,确定最佳提取条件;利用胃蛋白酶、复合蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶对提取的蛋白进行水解,并对水解产物的氨基酸组成和抗氧化活性进行分析。【结果】雪茄烟叶蛋白的最佳提取条件为:料液比1∶25(g∶mL)、碱溶pH为8.0、碱溶时间80 min、提取温度60℃、酸沉pH为3.0,最佳提取率为79.08%。雪茄烟叶蛋白通过胃蛋白酶水解的效果最好,水解度为15.52%;其水解产物中游离氨基酸含量最高,必需氨基酸、疏水性氨基酸、负电荷氨基酸和正电荷氨基酸的含量也高于其他酶解产物,必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值、必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值均高于FAO/WHO标准规定值。随着水解时间的延长,水解产物对超氧阴离子自由基、DPPH自由基和羟自由基的清除能力呈上升趋势,且对超氧阴离子自由基的清除率最高(57.54%)。【结论】碱溶酸沉法能够较好地提取雪茄烟叶蛋白;通过胃蛋白酶水解雪茄烟叶蛋白,其氨基酸组成和比例得到改善,提升了营养价值,增强了其水解产物的抗氧化能力。
[Purpose]To study the extraction of cigar leaf protein and the amino acid composition and antioxidant activity of hydrolysates,providing theoretical and technical basis for the in-depth development and utilization of tobacco leaf protein resources.[Methods]Using alkali-extraction and acid-precipitation method to extract cigar tobacco leaf protein,determine the optimal extraction conditions;pepsin,complex protease,alkaline protease,papain and neutral protease were used to hydrolyze the extracted cigar tobacco leaf protein,determine the degree of hydrolysis of different enzymes on cigar tobacco leaf protein,and the amino acid composition and antioxidant activity of the hydrolysates were analyzed.[Results]The optimal extraction conditions for extracting cigar tobacco leaf protein were as follows:the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶25(g∶mL),the alkali dissolution pH was 8.0,the alkali dissolution time was 80 min,the extraction temperature was 60℃,the acid deposition pH was 3.0,and the optimal extraction rate of protein was 79.08%.Cigar tobacco leaf protein had the best effect by pepsin hydrolysis,with a hydrolysis degree of 15.52%.After pepsin hydrolysis of cigar tobacco leaf protein,the content of free amino acids was the highest;the contents of essential amino acids,hydrophobic amino acids,negatively charged amino acids,and positively charged amino acids were higher than other protease hydrolysates;and the ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids,and the ratio of essential amino acids to nonessential amino acids were higher than those specified in FAO/WHO standards.With the increase of enzymatic hydrolysis time,the scavenging ability of pepsin hydrolysates on superoxide anion radicals,DPPH radicals,and hydroxyl radicals increased,with the highest scavenging rate of superoxide anion radicals(57.54%).[Conclusion]Using alkali-extraction and acid-precipitation method can better extract cigar tobacco leaf protein,and hydrolyzing it with pepsin can improve its amino acid composition and proportion,enhance its n
作者
王贤贤
申国明
刘新民
杜咏梅
高加明
高林
WANG Xianxian;SHEN Guoming;LIU Xinmin;DU Yongmei;GAO Jiaming;GAO Lin(Institute of Tobacco Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Hubei Provincial Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation,Wuhan 430000,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期76-83,共8页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(APTIP-TRICO5)
中国烟草总公司湖北省公司重点项目(027Y2020-013)。
关键词
雪茄烟
烟叶蛋白
酶解
氨基酸
抗氧化活性
cigar
tobacco leaf protein
enzymatic hydrolysis
amino acids
antioxidant activity
