摘要
教育评价改革是提高科研创新人才培养质量的指挥棒。基于“双一流”建设高校博士后的实证调查发现,博士后对评价指标柔性化和激励性评价较为满意,但对学术评价环境和留校转聘制度的评价较低;“操作层”的指标合理性、激励性评价及留校转聘评价均对博士后科研创新能力及其子维度发挥显著正向影响,而“环境层”的唯论文倾向、功利化导向则分别产生负向和正向影响;学术评价指标对博士后科研创新能力的影响效应在性别、学科类型、聘任类型、毕业院校方面存在异质性。高校管理者应科学认识学术评价的“双刃剑”效应,将评价导向转向激励性、赋能性、使动性;重塑“生态评价观”,系统构建人本取向、贡献导向的分类评价体系;根据博士后的“最近发展区”,设置具有挑战性和激励性的留校转聘标准。
The reform of educational evaluation is a baton to improve the quality of the cultivation of scientific research and innovative talents.Based on the empirical investigation of postdoctoral fellows in“double first-class”universities,it is found that postdoctoral fellows are satisfied with the flexibility of evaluation indicators and motivational evaluation,but have low evaluation of the academic eva-luation environment and the retention and transfer system.The index rationality,incentive evaluation,and retention and transfer evaluation of the“operation layer”all had a significant positive impact on the postdoctoral scientific research and innovation capabilities and its sub-dimensions,while the paper-only tendency and utilitarian orientation of the“environmental layer”had a negative and a positive impact respectively.There are heterogeneities in the influence of academic evaluation indicators on postdoctoral research and innovation capabilities in terms of gender,discipline type,appointment type,and graduate college.University administrators should scientifically understand the“double-edged sword”effect of academic evaluation,and shift the evaluation orientation to motivation,empowerment and motivation;reshape the“ecological evaluation concept”and systematically construct a classification and evaluation system with a humanistic orientation and contribution orientation;according to the“recent development zone”of the postdoctoral fellow,set challenging and motivating retention and transfer criteria.
作者
马立超
姚昊
MA Lichao;YAO Hao(Institute of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Higher Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》
北大核心
2024年第2期97-108,共12页
Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“一流大学参与世界重要人才中心和创新高地建设机制研究”[23CGL060]。
关键词
博士后
科研创新能力
“双一流”建设高校
破“五唯”
教育评价改革
postdoctoral fellow
scientific research and innovation capabilities
“double first-class”universities
break the“five only”
educational evaluation reform
