摘要
近年来,面对劳动力市场技能短缺、技能差距、技能错配的现实,各国纷纷制定和实施相应的战略措施以弥合技能差距。学徒制作为职业发展的主要模式,成为各国刺激经济、培养人才、重振制造业、加强基础设施建设的国家战略重要组成部分。为紧密对接经济转型、产业升级的发展需求,美、英、加、澳、法、韩等发达国家在加强学徒制数量、规模、质量、水平的进程中,在政策制定、经费支持、学位教育融合、公平促进、数字化转型、技能人才培养、评估与监测等方面进行了改革,呈现出多元化、数字化、公平化和卓越化的特点。政府、教育机构和企业界的协同合作推动着学徒制的不断完善与创新,技术为学徒制的数字化转型提供了新的机遇。
In recent years,faced with the reality of skill shortages,skill gaps,and skill mismatches in the labor market,countries have formulated and implemented corresponding strategic measures to bridge the skills gap.As the main mode of career development,apprenticeship has become an important part of the national strategies of various countries to stimulate the economy,cultivate talents,revitalize the manufacturing industry,and strengthen infrastructure construction.To closely meet the development needs of economic transformation and industrial upgrading,developed countries such as the United States,the United Kingdom,Canada,Australia,France,and South Korea are in the process of strengthening the quantity,scale,quality,and level of apprenticeships.They have implemented reforms in various aspects,including policy formulation,funding support,degree education integration,equity promotion,digital transformation,skilled talent training,evaluation and monitoring,showing the characteristics of diversification,digitalization,equity and excellence.The collaborative cooperation between the government,educational institutions and the business community promotes the continuous improvement and innovation of the apprenticeship system,and technology provides new opportunities for the digital transformation of the apprenticeship system.
作者
王建梁
李欢
WANG Jianliang;LI Huan(School of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《世界教育信息》
2024年第4期64-74,共11页
Journal of World Education
关键词
发达国家
学徒制
政策趋势
职业教育
Developed countries
Apprenticeship
Policy trends
Vocational education
