摘要
南海拥有中国最广阔的海洋国土,海洋资源非常丰富。南海海洋资源开发须践行绿水青山就是金山银山的生态文明理念,推进南海海洋资源高效循环利用。当前,中国南海海洋资源开发利用主要呈现以下特征:一是南海海洋资源总量丰富,但开发效益不高,海岸带和近岸海域开发强度偏大;二是南海海域海岸线生态退化,半封闭型海湾及近岸海域生态环境压力较大;三是高密度养殖和过度捕捞导致近岸海域海洋生物多样性降低,海洋资源可持续利用面临挑战;四是溢油、危险化学品泄漏等事故防范形势严峻,海洋环境风险防控水平亟须提升。对此,本文提出如下建议:一是加快完善南海海洋资源循环高效利用的制度安排,积极探索促进生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的海洋生态文明实现模式;二是坚决做到节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主,依法依规推进南海海洋资源循环高效利用;三是确保最严格的海洋生态环境保护制度落实到位,大力推进南海海洋污染防治和生态资源修复;四是建立统一高效的南海海洋生态环境监管体系。
The South China Sea has the largest marine territory in China,and is very rich in marine resources.The development of marine resources in the South China Sea should follow the concept of green water and green mountains,which is the ecological civilization of Silver hill,Jinshan District,and promote the efficient and circular use of marine resources in the South China Sea.At present,the following problems exist in the exploitation and utilization of marine resources in the South China Sea:First,the total amount of marine resources in the South China Sea is abundant,but the exploitation efficiency is not high,and the exploitation intensity of the coastal zone and nearshore area is on the high side;second,the ecological degradation of the coastal line in the South China Sea area,the ecological environment of semi-closed Bay and inshore area is under great pressure.Third,the high-density aquaculture and overfishing in inshore area lead to the decrease of marine biodiversity,and the sustainable utilization of marine resources is facing challenges Fourthly,the prevention and control of oil spill and hazardous chemicals leakage are in serious situation,and the prevention and control of marine environmental risks need to be strengthened.In this regard,four suggestions are put forward:First,to improve the system of the efficient utilization of marine resources in the South China Sea,and to firmly take the road of the development of marine ecological civilization,which is characterized by the development of production,the affluence of life and the good ecology;Second,we will adhere to the principle of giving priority to conservation,protection and natural restoration,and promote the efficient and circular use of marine resources in the South China Sea in accordance with the law and regulations;Third,we will implement the strictest system for the protection of marine ecosystems and the environment,vigorously promote the prevention and control of marine pollution and the restoration of marine resources in the South China Sea
出处
《中国海洋经济》
2024年第1期124-131,174,175,共10页
Marine Economy in China
基金
青岛市双百调研课题“加快蓝色药库发展研究”(2023-B-019)的主要研究成果。
关键词
中国南海
海洋资源
循环利用
生态文明
海洋环境保护
South China Sea
Marine Resources
Cyclic Utilization
Ecological Civilization
Marine Environmental Protection
